24 hours

Summer

A new moon

During a solar eclipse, the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun. This blocks out the light from the Sun, and casts part of the Earth in shadow. The area of the Earth that is in the shadow of the Moon experiences a solar eclipse.

The Moon causes tides on Earth because of its gravitational pull. It pulls more strongly on the side of the Earth that is closest to it. This makes the ocean surface bulge outwards, causing a high tide.

A second high tide is produced on the side of the Earth furthest from the Moon.

365 1/4 days

1. There is more direct sunlight due to Earth's tilt
2. There are more daylight hours or longer days, warming up the Earth's surface

A new moon

During a solar eclipse, the Moon blocks the Sun from view. In order for this to occur, the Sun needs to be visible in the sky. As the Sun is not visible at night, a solar eclipse can only happen during the daytime.

The gravitational pull of the Moon creates two bulges in the ocean surface. One is on the side facing the Moon and the other is on the opposite side. When a location is at one of these bulges, it experiences high tide.

As the Earth rotates, a location has a high tide when it's facing the Moon. It has another high tide about 12 hours later, when it is facing away. The Earth rotates once every 24 hours. So each location experiences two high tides and two low tides every day.

The part of the Earth that was facing away from the Sun rotates towards the Sun. This makes the Sun appear to rise above the horizon.

When the northern hemisphere has summer, it is tilted towards the Sun. This means it gets more direct sunlight and has longer daylight hours, causing it to warm up more.

At the same time, the southern hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun. This means it gets less direct sunlight and has shorter daylight hours, causing it to cool down. So there is winter in the southern hemisphere at the same time as there is summer in the northern hemisphere.

As the Moon orbits the Earth, we can see a different amount of the bright side, which is lit up by the Sun. This means that the shape of the Moon in the sky appears to change during a month.

The phases of the Moon are the shapes that we can see from Earth based on how much of the bright side of the Moon we can see.

During a lunar eclipse, the Earth's shadow falls on the Moon and makes it appear darker. It occurs when the Earth, Moon and Sun are exactly lined up and the Earth is between the Moon and the Sun.

Tides are mainly caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon on the Earth. The force of gravity is affected by an object's mass, as well as how far away it is. If the Moon was to double in mass, then its gravitational pull on the Earth would increase. This would increase the two bulges on the ocean surface. The overall effect would be that high tides would be higher and low tides would be lower.

The length of one day (24 hours) is determined by how fast the Earth spins on its axis. If the Earth rotated faster, the day would become shorter. This would also mean we would have shorter daylight hours and shorter night time hours.

False. It is 23.5 degrees

The orbit of the Moon around the Earth is shorter because the distance that the Moon needs to travel is much less. The orbit of the Earth around the Sun is much larger, so it takes a much longer time.

The reason why there are only one or two lunar eclipses each year is that they need the Earth, Moon and Sun to line up exactly. But the orbit of the Moon on the Earth is on a slight tilt. This means that the Moon is often a little above or below Earth's shadow. At these times we see a full moon instead of a lunar eclipse. The tilt of the Moon's orbit means that the Earth, Moon and Sun only line up exactly once or twice a year.

When there is a new moon or full moon, the Earth, Moon and Sun are aligned. At these times, the effects of the Moon and Sun add together. So the high tides are higher and the low tides are lower.

When there is a first quarter or third quarter moon, the Earth, Moon and Sun are at right angles. At these times, the effects of the Moon and Sun partly cancel each other out. So the high and low tides are more similar to each other.

Earth's revolution takes 365 1/4 days, so every 4 years we have 1 extra day to accomodate for this.

If the Earth was not tilted, we would not have changing seasons. Countries on the equator would get more direct sunlight therefore experiencing warmer temperatures and countries near the poles would experience cooler temperatures.

If the orbital plane wasn't tilted you would expect the Earth to block the Sun's light when it was positioned between the Moon and the Sun. This means that during a full moon, you would see the Earth's shadow pass across the Moon. For a little while, you would probably see something similar to a new moon.

There is a partial lunar eclipse visible on 16 May, 2022

The Moon is the main cause of tides on Earth because it is much closer than the Sun.

Gravity depends on both mass and distance. The Moon has a much smaller mass than the Sun but it's a lot closer to the Earth. This relatively small distance means that the Moon's gravitational pull is stronger. That's why it is the main cause of tides on Earth.