Inventors of the earliest form of writing, a calendar, & math concepts.

Leader of the Hebrews that led them out of slavery and was given a set of life rules by Yahweh (God).

An Indian structured system of social classes and restriction. The segregations have been the source of much discontent.

Set of biblical principles relating to ethics and worship, which play a fundamental role in Judaism and Christianity.

The cradle of civilization in the West. It was along the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in present-day Iraq beginning about 5000 B.C.

Great sailors on the Mediterranean. They devised the alphabet that became the model for later Western alphabets.

The King of Babylon in the 1700s B.C. that wrote a complete collection of laws with scaled punishments for various offenses.

It describes the way to the end of suffering and the achievement of self-awakening for Buddhists.

They became known as the Jews. They escaped slavery and developed Judaism by writing the Old Testament of the Bible.

Stone with writing on it in two languages (Egyptian and Greek), using three scripts (hieroglyphic, demotic, and Greek).

The first people in history to use coined money (around 600 B.C.).

Persian king around 550 B.C. that was one of the greatest leaders in all history.

Founder of the religion of Buddhism around 500 B.C.

A prophet and religious reformer that said man’s nature was good or bad. Unethical behavior was a sin, especially lying.

Series of conflicts between Persia and Greek city-states that resisted Persia’s tyrannical rule.

The earliest of the West African kingdoms. It was important in the gold-for-salt exchange network.

Pharaoh that united all of Egypt’s kingdoms along the Upper and Lower Nile River to become one country in 3100 B.C.

A collection of Indian knowledge, hymns, prayers, and religious teachings from 1500 B.C.

Philosopher of ancient China and founder of Taoism (Daoism) which is about finding peace and harmony in life through heaven and earth.

A series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage in which Rome was ultimately victorious.

Ancient African kingdom situated in the southern/upper Nile River system in the present-day nation of Sudan.

He established the first great Indian empire by conquering and then uniting all of India. He was its first great emperor.

Lessons of morality and philosophy. The basis for Hinduism.

Chinese philosophy that was about having strict laws and harsh punishments.

Civilization on Crete that dominated the Aegean Sea region. It is referred to as “the first link in the European chain.”