Unit 9: Juvenile Justice | Unit 9: Juvenile Justice | Unit 9: Juvenile Justice | Unit 9: Juvenile Justice | Unit 9: Juvenile Justice |
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What is murder?
This is the crime for which Jacqueline Montanez is currently incarcerated
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What is running away?
This was a commonplace problem that was considered to be a crime solely for juveniles, largely occurring in urban areas
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What are that they have no juries, that the terminology was less harsh, that there was no adversarial relationship and that the proceedings are confidential?
These are the 4 main differences between an adult criminal court system and a juvenile court system
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What is where the juvenile lives/commits the crime - the state that the juvenile resides in?
The legal status of a juvenile which determines whether or not a case will be eligible for transfer into the adult criminal court system is largely contingent upon this
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What is "prosecutorial discretion"?
Other than a waiver, this is the alternate mechanism which allows a juvenile's case to be heard in an adult criminal court they were an adult
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What is rehabilitation?
This is considered to be the focus of the juvenile justice system
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What is a 'reform school'?
This is what the New York House of Refuge might be described as
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What is 'adjudicated delinquent'?
This is the proper term for a juvenile that is found guilty in a juvenile criminal court proceeding
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What is 100?
This is the number of juveniles currently serving life sentences without the possibility of parole for crimes committed while they were juveniles in IL
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What is 20?
This is the number of states in which it is theoretically possible for a juvenile of any age to be tried as an adult
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What is that they have no real effect on deterring juveniles from committing more crimes?
This is the primary argument against Scared Straight programs
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What is 'parens patriae' [the state is the parent or guardian]?
This is the principle that governs the juvenile court system and is based on the notion that children are capable of being rehabilitated
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What is 'labeling theory'?
This is the theoretical premise (aka - the theory) for using alternate terms in the juvenile court proceedings
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What is 8%?
This is the estimated average percentage of juvenile court cases that are transferred to adult criminal court
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What is 'automatic transfer'?
This is the term used to refer to the process by which if a juvenile commits a crime that is deemed particularly heinous, the offender is not even brought before a juvenile court but brought straight to criminal court
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What is 1824?
When was the New York House of Refuge founded?
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What are 'respondents'?
This is the proper term used for juveniles in a juvenile court proceeding
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What is a 'status offense'?
This is the proper term for when a juvenile commits a crime that is only a crime as a result of their age
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What is 'like adults'?
This best describes how juveniles were treated by the court system during the 1700s and 1800s in America
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What is an adjudication hearing?
This is the term that would be used in a trial in the adult court system within the juvenile court system
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What is the early 1800s?
When did reforms begin to occur that set the stage for juvenile justice to form?
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What is 1899 in Cook County, IL?
This is when and where the first juvenile court originated
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What are when the welfare of the child was threatened, when the child is a delinquent, or when a child is a status offender?
These are the three sets of circumstances when the juvenile court has authority over a juvenile
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What is 'intake'?
This is the point in the criminal justice process when it is determined if a juvenile's criminal case will be heard in an adult or juvenile court setting
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What is 'beyond a reasonable doubt'?
This is the standard of proof within the juvenile court system
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What is that the USSC has ruled that mandatory sentences for life without the possibility of parole are unconstitutional?
This is the current status of life without parole sentencing mandates for crimes committed by juveniles
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