A powerful ruler of the Mali Empire in the 14th century, renowned for his pilgrimage to Mecca, during which he distributed vast amounts of gold.

A West African empire that succeeded the Ghana Empire and is known for its wealth, power, and promotion of Islam.

This refers to the northern African coastline.

A valuable commodity traded across the Sahara, essential for preserving food and sustaining life, particularly in regions where it was scarce.

A vital animal for transportation across the Sahara due to its ability to endure long periods without water, making it well-suited for trade caravans.

The founder of the Mali Empire. He taxed merchants and farmers.

A powerful empire that succeeded the Mali Empire, expanding its control of the Trans-Saharan trade network.

A vast desert region that spans across North Africa, acting as a barrier and challenging terrain for trade caravans traversing the Trans-Saharan routes.

A highly prized commodity in the Trans-Saharan trade, abundant in West Africa and was found in mines.

A seat for a rider on the back of a camel, horse, or other animal used for transportation in desert regions, essential for comfort and stability during long journeys.

This king's empire was named after him. His empire had control of the Trans-Saharan Trade before Mali and Songhai.

The first empire to have had control of the Trans-Saharan Trade.

The West African region where Mali, Ghana and Songhai was located.

A type of nut native to West Africa, traded as a stimulant and flavoring agent, often exchanged along with other goods in the Trans-Saharan trade network.

A group of travelers, typically merchants, journeying together with camels through the desert for safety and efficiency in trading goods across long distances.