| Defining Crime | Types of Crime | Explanations of Crime | Factors that Influence Crime |
|---|---|---|---|
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What is the 'sociological concept of crime'?
Crime is an act that violates the written criminal laws of society enacted by local, state/territory or federal governments.
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Define 'Crimes Against the Person'.
Acts that are against other persons that include threatening, harassing or injuring another person or depriving them of their freedoms.
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What is a biological explanation of crime?
Uses genetics as factors leading an individual to commit crime.
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How much higher is the incidence of mental health disorders in prison population compared to the general population (as determined by the AIC)?
Up to 4 times higher in the prison population compared to the general population.
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How does the ABS define crime from a legal point of view?
Breaches of criminal law that govern particular geographic areas (jurisdictions) and are aimed at protecting the lives, property and rights of citizens.
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Define 'Crimes Against Property'.
Acts that are intended to damage or destroy homes, businesses or land, or involve household burglary or vehicle theft.
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What is a psychological explanation of crime?
Uses an individuals personality to explain why crimes are committed.
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Describe the relationship between poverty and crime.
Poverty and unemployment are usually thought to cause crime, however it is possible argue crime leads to poverty and unemployment.
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How does the ABS define crime from a non-legal point of view?
Acts that violate socially accepted rules of human, ethical or moral behaviour.
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What is 'Victimless Crime'?
Acts that involve a crime whereby all individuals consent to the criminal activity and whereby nobody is harmed in the process.
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What is a sociological explanation of crime?
Uses environmental and social factors to explain why crimes are committed.
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What percentage of detainees reported having taken drugs prior to committing at least one offence.
44% of detainees involved in the DUMA program (AIC).
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What 'potential disparity' may affect crime data?
The criminal justice agencies crime data will be Based upon the relevant legal definition of crime, however data collected via victimisation surveys may be based upon an individuals interpretation of crime.
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What is 'White Collar Crime'?
Non-Violent economic crimes including fraud and embezzlement that were originally perpetrated by office workers and professionals in the middle-class against businesses.
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What is 'atavism'?
A biological theory that explains crime: while most individuals evolve, some devolve, becoming primitive.
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An Australian longitudinal study conducted in 2003 found what?
That people who had a history of abuse were more likely to self-report having committed crime and had higher rates of aggression then those who had no history of abuse.
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List the 5 common types of crime.
Crimes against the person
Crimes against property Victimless crime White collar crime Corporate crime |
What is 'Corporate Crime'?
Criminal acts carried out by corporations.
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List 6 factors that sociologists use to explain crime.
Mental Health
Poverty Addiction Social Class Abuse Rebellion |
What is the process of individuals completely rejecting societies norms and values and replacing them with their own?
The 'Strain Theory' of rebellion.
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