| Structure of the Heart, etc | Heart Valves and the Pathway of blood | Cardiac Muscle Tissue and Blood supply to the heart | Conducting system and innervation | Disorders of the Heart |
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What are the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit?
_______ is formed by blood vessels that carry blood to and from the lungs whereas the ______ is the vessels that transport blood to and from all body tissues and back to the heart.
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What is the pathway of blood that goes from 1. four pulmonary veins, 2. left atrium, 3. left ventricle, 4. aorta called?
The pathway of oxygen-poor blood through the heart. (four parts)
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What are intercalated discs?
complex junctions that join cardiac muscle cells
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What is conducting system?
It is a series of specialized cardiac muscle cells that carries impulses throughout the heart musculature, signaling the heart chambers to contract in the proper sequence.
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What is heart failure?
A progressive weakening of the heart as it fails to keep pace with the demands of pumping blood and thus cannot meet the body's need for oxygenated blood.
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What is the pericardium?
a triple-layered sac that encloses the heart.
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What is the pathway of blood that goes from 1. four pulmonary veins, 2. left atrium, 3. left ventricle, 4. aorta?
The pathway of oxygen rich blood through the heart. (four parts)
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What are the right and left coronary arteries?
Heart walls are too thick to obtain much nutrition so these deliver blood supply to the muscular wall and tissues of the heart.
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What is the Sinoatrial (SA) node?
A crescent shaped mass of muscle cells that lies in the wall of the right atrium, just inferior to the entrance of the superior vena-cava and is the impulse that begins the signal for each heartbeat.
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What is angina pectoris?
A common symptom of coronary artery disease in which thoracic pain caused by inadequate oxygenation of heart muscle cells, which weaken but do not die
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What is epicardium (upoon the heart), myocardium (muscle heart) and endocardium (inside the heart)?
The three layers of the heart wall from outside in.
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What are the aortic and pulmonary(semilunar) valves?
located at the junctions of the ventricles and great arteries, these two valves have three pocketlike cusps shaped roughly like crescent moons.
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What are the transverse and longitudinal regions ?
These are the two distinct regions of the intercalated discs
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What does the following describe?
1. sinoatrial node generates impulses, 2. the impulses pause at the atrioventricular node, 3. the atrioventricular bundle connects the atria to the ventricles, 4. the buncle branches conduct the impulses though the inter
This describes the sequence of events that carries an impulse throughout the heart.
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What is myocardial infarction or heart attack?
when blockage of a coronary artery is more complete or prolonged, the oxygen-starved cardiac muscle cells die.
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What is the coronary sulcus?
extends horizontally, and is the boundary between the atria and the ventricles.
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What is systole and diastole?
the term that describes the contraction of the heart
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What are fasciae adherens?
Desmosome like junctions that function to bind adjacent cells together and transmit the contractile force to adjacent cells.
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What is a heart block?
Damage to either the AV node or AV bundle that interferes with the ability of the ventricles to receive the pacing impulses.
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What is silent ischemia?
a condition in which blood flow to the heart is interrupted often, exactly as in angina, but without any pain to provide warning.
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Picture.
Name parts of the heart- see picture.
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What is the "lub" and "dub" sound from? (lub is produced by closing of the AV valves at the start of ventricular contraction) (dub is produced by closing semilunar valves at the end of the ventricular contraction)
the closing of the valves causes vibrations in the adjacent blood and heart walls that make these sounds of the heart beat.
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What is the sliding filament mechanism?
Cardiac muscle, like skeletal muscle, contracts by this model
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free points
free points
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What is atrial fibrillation?
multiple waves of impulses circle within the atrial myocardium, randomly stimulating the AV node, which then signals the ventricles to contract quickly and irregularly. The lack of muscle movement of blood through the heart can promote the formation of cl
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