The Stomach | Accessory Organs | The Small Intestine | Large Intestine | Miscellaneous |
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What is HCl?
The acid that is found in gastric juice.
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What is the gallbladder?
The pear-shaped sac on the underside of the liver that stores and concentrates bile.
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What is the duodenum?
The first 24 cm of the small intestine that begins at the pyloric valve and ends at the duouenjejunal flexure.
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What is the cecum?
A blind pouch in the lower right abdominal quadrant inferior to the ileocecal valve.
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What is vomiting?
The forceful ejection of stomach and intestinal contents from the mouth.
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What is gastric lipase?
Digests 10% to 15% of dietary fat in the stomach.
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What is the sublingual gland?
The salivary gland that is located on the floor of the mouth.
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What is the ileocecal junction?
Where the ileum meets the cecum.
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What is the ascending colon?
Section of the colon that begins at the ileoceccal valve and passes up the right side of the abdomen.
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What is the pharynx?
The muscular funnel that connects the oral cavity to the esophagus and the nasal cavity to the larynx.
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What is the pyloric sphincter?
A ring of smooth muscle that regulates the passage of chyme into the duodenum from the stomach.
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What is the hepatic triad?
Consists of the hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile ductules.
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What is segmentation?
The movement in which ringlike constriction appear at several places and move throughout the small intestine.
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What is the sigmoid colon?
The S-shaped portion of the tract that continues to the rectum.
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What is mastication?
The breaking of food into small pieces that can be swallowed
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What are gastric rugae?
The longitudinal wrinkles that form when the stomach is empty.
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What is bile?
A free fluid stored and concentrated by the gallbladder containing minerals, cholesterol, and neural fats, phospholipids, and pile pigments.
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What is circular folds
Slow the progress of chyme and make it travel in a spiral path.
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What is the columnar epithelium?
The cells type that makes up the large intestine.
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What is the oral phase?
The first phase of swallowing, where the tongue forms a food bolus and pushes it into the laryngopharynx.
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What are chief cells?
Cells in the gastric glands which secrete gastric lipase and pepsinogen.
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What is Acetylcholine?
Neurotransmitter that stimulates the pancreatic acini to secrete enzymes during the cephalic phase.
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What are microvilli?
Increase surface area and contain brush border enzymes that carry out the final stages of chemical digestion.
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What is 500 mL?
The amount of indigestible food residue that large intestine receives per day.
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What is the periodontal ligament?
A modified periosteum whose collagen fibers penetrate into the bone one side and into the tooth on the other
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