The Stomach Accessory Organs The Small Intestine Large Intestine Miscellaneous
100
What is HCl?
The acid that is found in gastric juice.
100
What is the gallbladder?
The pear-shaped sac on the underside of the liver that stores and concentrates bile.
100
What is the duodenum?
The first 24 cm of the small intestine that begins at the pyloric valve and ends at the duouenjejunal flexure.
100
What is the cecum?
A blind pouch in the lower right abdominal quadrant inferior to the ileocecal valve.
100
What is vomiting?
The forceful ejection of stomach and intestinal contents from the mouth.
200
What is gastric lipase?
Digests 10% to 15% of dietary fat in the stomach.
200
What is the sublingual gland?
The salivary gland that is located on the floor of the mouth.
200
What is the ileocecal junction?
Where the ileum meets the cecum.
200
What is the ascending colon?
Section of the colon that begins at the ileoceccal valve and passes up the right side of the abdomen.
200
What is the pharynx?
The muscular funnel that connects the oral cavity to the esophagus and the nasal cavity to the larynx.
300
What is the pyloric sphincter?
A ring of smooth muscle that regulates the passage of chyme into the duodenum from the stomach.
300
What is the hepatic triad?
Consists of the hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile ductules.
300
What is segmentation?
The movement in which ringlike constriction appear at several places and move throughout the small intestine.
300
What is the sigmoid colon?
The S-shaped portion of the tract that continues to the rectum.
300
What is mastication?
The breaking of food into small pieces that can be swallowed
400
What are gastric rugae?
The longitudinal wrinkles that form when the stomach is empty.
400
What is bile?
A free fluid stored and concentrated by the gallbladder containing minerals, cholesterol, and neural fats, phospholipids, and pile pigments.
400
What is circular folds
Slow the progress of chyme and make it travel in a spiral path.
400
What is the columnar epithelium?
The cells type that makes up the large intestine.
400
What is the oral phase?
The first phase of swallowing, where the tongue forms a food bolus and pushes it into the laryngopharynx.
500
What are chief cells?
Cells in the gastric glands which secrete gastric lipase and pepsinogen.
500
What is Acetylcholine?
Neurotransmitter that stimulates the pancreatic acini to secrete enzymes during the cephalic phase.
500
What are microvilli?
Increase surface area and contain brush border enzymes that carry out the final stages of chemical digestion.
500
What is 500 mL?
The amount of indigestible food residue that large intestine receives per day.
500
What is the periodontal ligament?
A modified periosteum whose collagen fibers penetrate into the bone one side and into the tooth on the other






The Digestive System

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