| Prototype Drugs | Indications | Contraindications | Adverse Effects | Similarities |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
What is a biguanide?
Metformin (Glucophage)
|
What is a treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Thiazolidinediones
|
What is a contraindication for glucagon?
Pheochromacytoma
|
What is an adverse effect of propranolol (Inderal) or beta blockers?
Bronchospasm
|
What are positive inotropic agents?
Cardiac glycosides & phosphodiesterase inhibitors
|
|
What is an alpha2 agonist?
Methydopa (Aldomet)
|
What is nitroprusside (Nipride) or hydralazine (Apresoline) on vasodilators used to treat?
Hypertensive emergency
|
What is heart block a contraindication for?
Magnesium supplements
|
What are adverse effects of methydopa (Aldomet)?
Endocrine and CNS effects
|
What are antihypertensives?
Spironolactone (Aldactone) & lisinopril (Prinavil)
|
|
What is an alpha-beta blocker?
Labetalol (Normodyne)
|
What is diabetic ketoacidosis?
Continuous regular insulin infusion
|
What is a contraindication for nitroglycerin or nitrates?
Cerebral hemorrhage
|
What is an adverse effect of chlorpropamide (Diabinase) or sulfonylureas?
Flushing after drinking ethanol
|
What are components of BiDil?
Hydralizine & isosorbide
|
|
What is a nitrate?
Isosorbide (Isordil)
|
What is a treatment for severe metabolic acidosis?
Sodium bicarbonate
|
What are contraindications for procainamine (Pronestyl) or quinidine (Quinaglute) or class IA antidysrhythmics?
AV block, conduction defects
|
What are signs of lidocaine (Xylocaine) toxicity?
Anxiety, twitching, seizures
|
What are long-acting types of insulin?
Lantus & Levemir
|
|
What is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor?
Acarbose (Precose)
|
What does nesiritide (Natrecor) or natriuretic peptides treat?
Heart failure exacerbation (decompensation)
|
What are contraindications for metformin (Glucophage) or biguanides?
Alcoholism, CHF
|
What is an adverse effect of clonidine (Catapres)?
Drug abuse
|
What are teratogens?
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) & phenytoin (Dilantin)
|
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