Stem Cell Differentiation | Stem-Cell Niches | Dolly the Sheep | Uses of Stem Cells | BIOL101 Exam Questions |
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What is undifferentiated?
This term describes how stem cells are "unspecialized."
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What is differentiating?
Stem-Cell niches prevent stem cells from doing this.
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What is an adult cell (differentiated cell)?
Dolly the sheep was the first mammal to be cloned using this type of cell.
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What is regenerative?
Stem cells have this kind of property that makes it useful in growing tissues and organs.
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What is sister chromatids?
These biological structures contain identical genetic information prior to crossing over.
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What is mitosis?
This process allows stem cells to create new cells either identical to themselves or more specialized.
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What is asymmetrically?
When connected to a niche cell, stem cells undergo mitosis in this fashion.
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What is 276?
It took this many tries to successfully create Dolly the sheep.
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What is a beating heart?
This organ was successfully grown using donor cells in 2016.
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What is chromosome?
Every somatic cell has an identical set of this molecule,
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What is totipotent stem cells?
This type of stem cell has the potential to differentiate into any type of cell.
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What is a complex?
This area is where stem cells receive signals from the niche tissue.
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What is G0?
The "resting" phase of a cell is referred to using this term.
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What is white blood cells?
Leukemia is cancer of this part of the body.
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What is 1/2?
In metaphase II, this ratio of DNA is present in reference to the amount of DNA present in the parent cell in G2.
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What is red blood cells and white blood cells?
These are the types of cells blood stem cells can differentiate into.
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What is cell-to-cell and cell-matrix interactions?
Stem cells receive differentiation signals through these methods (hint: not complex).
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What is a cell from a mammary gland and an egg?
The embryo of Dolly was created using these two types of cells.
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What is bone marrow?
This type of stem cell is donated to treat Leukemia.
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What is inhibitive?
A relay protein in this pathway would lead to too much cell division.
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What is nerve/brain cell?
A stem cell can differentiate into this kind of cell as part of the body's self-repair process when a person suffers from a stroke.
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What is the cadherin complex?
Self-renewal factors come from this complex.
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What is enucleation?
This is the process in which a nucleus is removed from a cell?
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What is burns/stroke/muscle degeneration?
The use of stem cells to treat these injuries/sicknesses is being researched (list 2).
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What is meiosis II?
If half of the gametes formed during meiosis are haploid and half have an abnormal number of chromosomes, then non-disjunction would have occurred in this phase of meiosis.
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