| Communication Process | Sending Messages Effectively | Receiving Messages Effectively | Breakdown in Communication | Confrontation and Constrictive Criticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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- to persuade - to deal with conflicts
- to evaluate - to teach - to inform - to have a good relationship - to psych up - to motivate
Give at least 3 purposes of communication in sports.
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When it is sent clearly, received correctly and interpreted correctly.
When is a message consider to be effectively sent?
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Listening
This act takes up about 40% of a person’s communication time and is rated as one of the most important communication skills.
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Requires skill and effort of both parties involved.
What does effective communication require?
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usually a face-to-face discussion among people in conflict
What are Confrontations?
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Exchange or transmission of information to others
What is communication?
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Verbal and Nonverbal Messages
What are the two types of messages?
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Hearing is simply receiving sounds, whereas listening is an active process.
What is the difference between hearing and listening?
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Sender failure and Receiver Failure
What are the two kinds of failure that usually results to breakdowns?
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Criticism given to another to help that person further grow and improve.
What is Constructive Criticism?
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Decision to send a message -> encoding of message -> channel the message -> decoding message by the receiver -> internal response of the receiver
Briefly explain the simple one - way communication process.
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Verbal = use of words and sound to communicate
Nonverbal = use of facial expereions, body language and etc
Differentiate Verbal and Nonverbal Messages
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Paraphrase/Paraphrasing
Speaker: “I'm thinking about increasing my exercise times from 3 days to 5 days a week, but I’m not sure if it's the best thing to do now.” Listener: “Hmmm, it sounds as though you’re struggling with trying to balance getting fit with other demands in your life."
What's the technique used by the listener to show interest? |
Lack of trust with each other
"Despite the advancement of technology to provide more convenient mediums or modes to communicate, breakdown is still happening." What do you think causes this? (May give only one.)
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1. ALL needs are legitimate and must be attended to
2. There are enough resources to meet ALL needs 3. Within each individual lies untapped power and capacity 4. Process is as important as content as it provides direction & focus 5. Improving is different from Solving 6. Everyone is right from their perspective 7. Solutions/Resolution are temporary and never permanent
Give 4 things you can assume when confronting with someone?
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- interpersonal = involves two or more people
- intrapersonal = “self talk”
Differentiate the two main types of communications
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Verbal = easily lost in transmission due to external background noise, language barrier or cultural definitions
Nonverbal = easily lost in transmission due to misreading of body position, facial expression and gestures.
Give the downside of using Verbal and Nonverbal Messages.
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Active listening. (Refer to handouts) In essence, the listener shows concern for the content and the intent of the message and for the feelings of the sender.
What is a better way to listen to someone, active listening or supportive listening? Why?
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Answer: Sender Failure
The coach should have been more specific about the criteria for starting and should have given the athlete ongoing feedback.
Analyze the situation to be read, is it a sender failure or a receiver failure?
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Positive Statement: You’re looking good, Greg!
Future-Oriented Instructions: Next time, why don’t you try to slow down a bit before jumping for the dunk. Compliment: Great hustle and heart out there!
Explain the Sandwich Approach of Constructive Criticism. Give an example.
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Yes! 2007 study showed that positive statements by coaches improved athletes “self-talk”
Do you think interpersonal communication can affect a person’s intrapersonal communication? Why or why not? (Give example to support answer)
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Be Direct, Own Your Message, Be Complete & Specific, Be Clear & Consistent, State Needs & Feelings Clearly, Separate Facts from Opinions, Focus on One Thing at a Time, Deliver Message Immediately, No Hidden Meanings; Be Supportive, Be Consistent with Nonverbal, Reinforce with Repetition, Make Appropriate for Receiver, Look for Feedback on Accurate Interpretation
Give 8 of the 14 Guidelines for Effectively Sending Messages
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Empathy
What would be more appropriate to apply in a coach-athlete relationship, empathy or sympathy? Why? (May define terms to prove point.)
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Both. Mary’s intent is to motivate Cindy to stop missing exercise classes, but Cindy hears only the “getting fat” and “love handles” parts. Cindy is sensitive about her weight so Mary should've been more careful with her words.
Evaluate the following situation to be read, is it a sender failure or receiver failure? Why?
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Coach approaches athlete about not following a play despite successful attempt.
Give a scenario where confrontation and constructive criticism can be seen and timely applied.
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