| Immune System and Disease | The Nervous System | DNA and RNA | The Chemistry of Life | Cell Structure and Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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What are three infectious diseases?
AIDS, chicken pox and influenza
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What are the basic types of tissue in the human body?
muscle, nervous, connective, and epithelial
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What is a nucleotide?
a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base
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Where can you usually find the reactants in a chemical reaction?
On the left side of the equation
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What is an example of a prokaryote and what is it lacking?
Bacteria is a prokaryote which lacks a nucleus
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What is the body's most important nonspecific defense?
The skin
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What regulates the level of chemicals in the body?
feedback inhibition
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What does RNA contain that DNA does not?
(two)
ribose and uracil
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What do catalysts do?
They lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction
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Why is the nucleus important for the cell?
Because it contains coded instructions for making proteins which then determine the cell's purpose
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What is an antibiotic and what does it do?
It is a compound that kills bacterial cells without harming the cells of humans or other animals.
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What does the nervous system do?
It coordinates the body's response to changes in it's internal and external environment.
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When DNA replicates into two strands, each strand contains one new strand and?
one original strand
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What is an enzyme and when does it work best?
An enzyme is a protein which changes the speed of a chemical reaction and works best at a specified pH
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What structure in the cell makes proteins and what does it clamp onto to do this?
Ribosomes attach themselves to the mRNA
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What is one advantage of a fever?
It can slow down the growth of pathogens.
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What happens when an impulse reaches the end of a neuron?
It triggers the release of neurotransmitters.
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What are the 3 types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?
messengerRNA, ribosomalRNA, and transferRNA
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What can you say about the occurrence of chemical reactions that release energy?
They often occur spontaneously
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What does the cell membrane do?
Regulates what goes in and out of the cell
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What is a step in identifying the pathogen that causes a specific disease?
1. The pathogen should be isolated and grown in a pure culture.
2. The purified pathogens should cause the same disease in a new host. 3. The pathogen should be isolated in the second host. |
Which system are the sense organs belonging to?
The peripheral nervous system
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What happens during the process of translation?
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins.
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What are the products of photosynthesis?
Oxygen and sugars
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If particle transport requires input of energy from the cell, what is it called?
active transport, because the cell has to "actively" provide energy
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