An organized association of workers, often in a trade or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests.

Guaranteed to each employee the right to bargain collectively "free from interference restraint, or coercion"

The process through which representatives of management and the union meet to negotiate a labor agreement

Having employees carry signs announcing their concerns near the employer's place of business

Union membership has been ________ since 1983 when 17.8 million workers belonged to unions

A withdrawal of labor

Banned certain types of unfair practices and provided for secret-ballot elections and majority rule for determining whether a firm's employees want to unionize

Both parties are making every reasonable effort to arrive at agreement; proposals are being matched with counterproposals

Results form a failure to agree on the terms of a contract that involves wages, benefits, and other conditions of employment

Unions are becoming more aggressive and are pushing Congress to pass the __________, making it easier for employees to unionize

Legal process for employees to terminate a union's right to represent them

The agency created by Wagner Act to investigate unfair labor practice charges

Items in collective bargaining that are forbidden by law

A strike that takes place when one union strikes in support of the strike of another

AFL-CIO planners work with local labor councils and individual unions to gain the support of a target city's elected officials

A term used to describe state statutory or constitutional provisions banning the requirement of union membership as a condition of employment

Prohibits unfair union labor practices and enumerated the rights of employees as union members

Intervention in which a neutral third party tries to assist the principals in reaching agreement

Unauthorized strike occurring during the term of a contract

______ increased competition and pressures on employers to cut costs and boost productivity, further squeezing unions

Placing of union members on nonunion job sites for the purpose of organizing

Aimed at protecting union members form possible wrongdoing on the part of their unions

Union efforts to convince employees to impeded or to disrupt production, Ex: slowing the work pace

Aimed at protesting illegal conduct by the employer

In 2014 the NLRB _______ the amount of time that employees who organized under a card check process had to wait to start a decertification process