| not just ACEs | don't do drugs | "i'm melting" | red hot | cellular |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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What is vibratory angioedema
localized swelling and erythema within minutes of jogging, rubbing or using machinery like a lawnmower
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What is AGEP
associated with high fevers <4 days after starting drug, typically begins on the face and intertriginous areas
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Allopurinol
Anticonvulsants: lamotrigine, carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital Valproic acid doesn’t cross react Antibiotics: sulfonamides > beta-lactams, cephalosporins, minocycline, quinolones, antifungals NSAIDs NNRTIs: nevirapine, abacavir, efavirenz, etravirine Others: mycoplasma pneumoniae, contrast, dengue virus, CMV *typically occurs within 7-21 days of drug initiation*
Name 3 common medications that cause SJS/TEN
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What is erythema migrans
occurs at the site of a bite by a Borrelia-infected tick 7-15 days after tick detachment
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B
Which of the following is NOT a preformed mediator of mast cell degranulation?
A. tryptase B. platelet-activating factor C. histamine D. heparin |
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What is solar urticaria
occurs within minutes of exposure to UV or visible radiation
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What is DRESS
typically develops 2-6 weeks after drug initiation, associated with fever, LAD and multiorgan
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What is infections, especially s. aureus and p. aeruginosa
The most common cause of death in patients with SJS/TEN.
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What is erythema annulare centrifugum
may be associated with infections, particularly tinea; individual lesions may reach up to 6 cm in diameter
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What is TNF, GM-CSF, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13
Name 3 cytokines released by mast cells.
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What is dermatographism
results in linear wheals at sites of scratching or friction such as collars
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What is photoallergic
type of delayed hypersensitivity typically due to topical medications; causes itchy eczematous rash in sun-exposed areas
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What is Immunocompromised, Radiation therapy + anticonvulsants, Slow acetylators, Certain HLAs (see chart in bolognia)
Name 3 categories of patients at higher risk of SJS/TEN.
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What is erythema gyratum repens
paraneoplastic disorder, most commonly associated with lung cancer > breast and GI cancers; may expand up to 1 cm/day
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What is Leukotrienes: C4, D4, E4; Prostaglandins: D2, E2
Two classes of compounds that are newly synthesized from arachidonic acid during mast cell activation
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What is AI thyroid disease, vitiligo, IDDM, RA
Others: h. pylori infection, parasites
Chronic urticaria may be associated with autoimmune diseases. Name 3
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What is sweet syndrome
associated with fever, neutrophilia and painful erythematous plaques on the face and UEs
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Minor: HSV, major: mycoplasma pneumoniae
Name the most common cause of EM minor and EM major.
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What is erythema marginatum
one of the major criteria for diagnosis of rheumatic fever; may expand 2-12 mm in 12 hours
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What is FceRI; IgE
Immunologic mechanisms of mast cell activation include anti ______ and anti ______ antibodies
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What is Schnitzler’s syndrome
Chronic urticaria + fevers, bone pain, arthralgia/arthritis, elevated ESR and IgM gammopathy.
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What is symmetrical drug-related intertriginous flexural exanthema
symmetrical areas of sharply demarcated erythema in the anogenital region + one other flexural site
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What is Age > 40, Associated malignancy, HR > 120, Serum BUN > 27, BSA >10%, Serum bicarb < 20, Serum glucose > 250
Name the SCORTEN criteria
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What is migratory polyarthritis, carditis, subcutaneous nodules (painless, over bony prominences), erythema marginatum, Sydenham chorea
Name the major criteria for rheumatic fever diagnosis
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What is Opiates, C5a anaphylatoxin, Stem cell factor, Substance P
Name 4 nonimmunologic mediators of mast cell activation
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