Respiratory Structures | Respiration | Respiratory Functions | Spirometry | Respiratory Health |
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What are the bronchi
The branches of the trachea that go into each lung
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What is a moist environment, large surface area, and a concentration gradient
The 3 requirements for respiration
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What is contraction
During inhalation, the rib muscles and diaphragm undergo this process
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What is tidal volume
The amount of air in and out of lungs during normal breathing
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What is laryngitis
An inflammation of the larynx
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What is the nasal passage
The air is filtered, cleaned, warmed, and moistened here
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What is external respiration
The gas exchange between alveoli (air) and capillaries (blood)
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What is a decrease
During exhalation, the volume experiences this
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What is vital capacity
The total amount of air that can enter or exit the lungs
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What is bronchitis
Can be acute (bacterial) or chronic (irritants), inflammation of the bronchi
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What is the diaphragm
The dome-like muscle that regulates pressure, and separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen
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What is internal respiration
The gas exchange between capillaries (blood) and body tissue
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What is hemoglobin
99% of the blood oxygen is carried by this protein
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What is residual volume
The amount of air remaining in the airways and lungs to prevent collapse
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What are carcinogens
Cancer causing chemicals or toxins
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What is the glottis
The opening to the trachea
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What is cellular respiration
The process that produces the waste product to be exhaled
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What are bicarbonate ions
70% of the carbon dioxide is dissolved as this
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What is expiratory reserve volume
Excess air that can be forced out past the tidal volume
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What is emphysema
The disorder where the walls of the alveoli break down and results in reduced surface area
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What are the alveoli
The site of gas exchange between the air and blood
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What is inspiration and expiration
The terms for inhaling and exhaling
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What is blood pH
The primary regulator of breathing detects a decrease in this value
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What is vital capacity - tidal volume - expiratory reserve volume
A way to measure the inspiratory reserve volume (formula) - used in lab
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What is cystic fibrosis
A genetic chronic condition that results in the overproduction of mucus that cannot be coughed out, significantly reduces life expectancy
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