| Acute Renal Failure | Acute Renal Failure Reloaded | Anatomy | Systemic Effects | Case Study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
What is acute renal failure (ARF)?
sudden loss of kidney function with a buildup of toxic waste products in the blood
|
What is Acute tubular necrosis (ATN)
damage to the renal tubules caused by ischemia and toxicity
|
What is the collecting duct?
receives urine from the tubules of several nephrons and passes it to the renal pelvis, then the ureters
|
What are causes of hypertension in ARF?
fluid retention, renin overproduction
|
What is intrarenal ARF?
obstructive uropathy causes this kind of renal failure
|
|
What are the most common causes of renal failure?
ischemia and toxicity
|
What is post renal failure acute renal failure (ARF)
caused by conditions that block urine flow
|
What are the peritubular capillaries?
allows the exchanges between the tubules
|
What are signs of hyperkalemia in ARF?
muscle weakness, loss of muscle tone, neuromuscular irritability
|
What is a UTI?
The patient's UA results are positive for RBC, WBC, bacteria, WBC clumps and leukocyte esterase the patient is most likey suffering from
|
|
What is prerenal acute renal failure (ARF)?
Caused by decreased blood flow to the kidneys causing ischemia of the nephrons
|
What is oliguria?
Less than 400ml of urine output in 24 hours
|
What is the Loop of Henle?
concentrates and dilutes the urine
|
What are causes of anemia in ARF?
impaired RBC production, hemolysis, reduced RBC survival, less production of erythropoietin
|
What is hydronephrosis?
The patient's CT of the Abdomen is positive for a 6mm obstructing ureteral stone. Obstruction of a ureter can result in this renal condition
|
|
What are other important causes of prerenal acute renal failure?
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cyclooxygenase inhibitors, angiotensi converting enzyme inhibitors
|
What are neprhotoxic substances that can cause intrarenal acute renal failure (ARF)?
radiocontrast media, cyclosporine, antibiotics, chemotherapy
|
What is the glomerulus?
group of capillaries that filters particles and waste products into liquid filtrate
|
What is uremia?
triggers colits, gastric ulcers, anorexia, nausea and vomitting
|
What is prerenal acute renal failure?
The patient's admitting temp was 101.6, HR 113, BP 118/62, RR29, lactic acid 2.4 these symptoms are indicative of sepsis. Sepsis is a cause of this type of renal failure
|
|
What is intrarenal acute renal failure?
Caused by damage to the renal parenchyma
|
What large and small vessel diseases that cause ischemic intrarenal acute renal failure?
Renal artery stenosis and glomerulinephritis
|
What is Bowman's capsule?
starting point of the tubule, surrounds the glomerulus, reabsorption and secretion take place here
|
What is 60 days?
life span of a RBC in ARF
|
What is metabolic acidosis?
Secondary to renal failure the patient would most likely experience what type of acid base imbalance?
|
Support Us on Ko-fi