A combination of education, income and occupation (American Psychological Association, 2017).

Because of racism and stigmas placed on black people (men in particular), they are “overly-policed”, and arrested far more often than white men.

A person who has committed a crime

Unfair treatment or bias against someone or a group of people on the basis of their race

25-year-old African American man, was arrested by the Baltimore Police Department for possessing what the police alleged was an illegal knife. While being transported in a police van, Gray fell into a coma and was taken to a trauma center. A week later, he died from spinal cord injuries.

Caucasians are able to save more money than others, while also earning more money at work (Irwin, Cain Miller, & Sanger-Katz, 2014).

In 2014 in New York City, a black individual was 31 times more likely than a white individual to be arrested for murder, and a _______ individual was 12.4 times more likely.

"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.”

An arrangement between a prosecutor and a defendant where the defendant pleads guilty to a lesser charge in the expectation of leniency.

A 7 year old African-American girl from Detroit, Michigan who was shot and killed during a raid in 2010.

High achieving African Americans may attend schools with fewer resources, be exposed to less rigorous curriculums, have teachers who expect less of them academically than white students (Azzam, 2008). *Hint: Popular supreme court case*

Name a time when you or a loved one was racially profiled.

Omission in the text through which the intent of a statute, contract, or obligation may be evaded

The release of an offender from detention, subject to a period of good behavior under supervision.

28-year-old African American woman who was found hanged in a jail cell in Waller County, Texas, on July 13, 2015, three days after being arrested during a traffic stop.

Black & Hispanic workers are underrepresented in management jobs and overrepresented in low-skilled jobs (Irwin, Cain Miller, & Sanger-Katz, 2014).

Name 2 high profile/controversial court cases where the defendant was found not guilty but would have gotten life in prison if he/she were black.

Any system by which some members of society act in an organized manner to enforce the law by discovering, deterring, rehabilitating, or punishing people who violate the rules and norms governing that society.

A form of police misconduct which involves undue violence by police members.

Died in NYC after an officer put him in a chokehold for about 15 to 19 seconds while arresting him for suspicion of selling single cigarettes.

Give 3 examples of how socioeconomic status relates to racism in the criminal justice system.

How is it that black defendants are still getting much longer sentences than white defendants for the same crime? Discuss three points/arguments.

Discuss thoughts/feelings behind loopholes in the laws that allow most police to not be convicted for killing people of minority groups.

Discuss some restrictions criminals have after they are released from prison?

An African American teen, accused of the theft of a backpack, was imprisoned on Rikers Island for three years with time in solitary confinement, without being convicted. After being released, he committed suicide.