Chapter 1 | Chapter 2 | Chapter 4.1 | Chapter 4.2 | Chapter 4.3 & 4.4 |
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What are the characteristics all minerals share?
Formed in nature, it is solid, it is non living, has a crystalline structure
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What is a rock?
A naturally formed solid made of minerals
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What are the characteristics of the crust?
Thinnest layer of the Earth, separated into two parts continental, and oceanic crust
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What is a tectonic plate?
A floating piece of the lithosphere that moves on the asthenosphere
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What forms at a convergent boundary?
A mountain range
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What are the tests used to identify minerals?
Color, luster, cleavage & fracture, streak, hardness, special properties, density
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What is the rock cycle?
The process in which a new rock forms from an old rock
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What are the characteristics of the mantle?
Thickest layer of the Earth, separated into 3 layers the lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere
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What is sea-floor spreading?
The process in which new oceanic lithosphere forms
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What forms at a divergent boundary?
A mid-ocean ridge and possibly a volcano
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What are 2 minerals that can scratch calcite?
Quartz and topaz
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How to create a sedimentary rock?
Go through weathering & erosion, deposition, and compact action and cementation
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What are the characteristics of the outer core?
Outer layer of the core and has melted iron
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Where is ocean floor new and old?
It is new near the mid-ocean ridge and old near a trench
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What forms at a transform boundary?
A fault line
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What is a mineral?
A naturally formed solid that has a crystalline structure
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How to create a metamorphic rock?
Go through heat & pressure
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What are the characteristics of the inner core?
Center of the Earth and is a solid ball of iron
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What is continental drift?
A theory in which all the continents came together and broke apart
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Why do rocks in the mantle move from top to bottom?
They move to the top because rocks harden and go to the top, they cool and sink down
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How to create an igneous rock?
Go through melting & cooling
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What are the 5 physical layers of the Earth?
Lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, and inner core
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What is deformation?
The process in which rocks change shape because of stress
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