State or federal correctional institution for the incarceration offenders for terms of one year or more

The philosophy of justice asserting that those who violate the rights of others deserve to be punished.

A set of standards that define parameters for trial judges to follow in their sentencing decisions.

An outcome of capital punishment that enhances, rather than deters, the level of violence in society.

A crime control policy that depends on the fear of criminal penalties.

The strategy of applying proper treatment so an offender will present no further treat to society

A statutory requirement that a certain penalty shall be set and carried out in all cases upon conviction for a specified offense or serious of offenses.

A post conviction statement by a victim of a crime that may be used to guide sentencing decisions.

A crime control policy suggesting that punishment should be severe enough to convince convicted offenders never to repeat their criminal activity.

The action or practice of awarding each person what is due him or her sanctions based on equity seek to compensate individual victims

Prison sentences for two or more criminal acts, served simultaneously and run together.

The process of keeping dangerous criminals in confinement to eliminate the risk of their repeating offense in society.

a term of incarceration with a stated minimum and maximum length, such as a sentence to prison for a period of 3-10 years. Eligible for parole after the minimum sentence has been serve.

Prison sentences for two or more criminal acts, served one after the other.

culpable or guilty of participating in a particular crime offence.

A fix term of incarceration.

The view that the low rates of female crime and delinquency are a reflection of the leniency with which police and judges treat female offenders.