Using operant conditioning to reinforce behaviors that are successively closer to a goal behavior.

According to Freud, the first psychosexual stage.

An in-depth observational study of one person

Part of the brain that controls fear and aggression

Period of sleep in which muscles are relaxed but body is otherwise physiologically aroused.

Psychologist who performed the Bobo doll study of observational learning

The unconscious part of personality that operates on the pleasure principle.

The variable being measured in an experiment

Part of cerebral cortex that controls emotions and spatial abilities

Sleep disorder that occurs during stage 4 sleep and is often mistaken for nightmares.

Type of partial schedule of reinforcement exemplified by slot machines.

The second level from the bottom on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.

Value of the correlation coefficient if there is no relationship between two factors

The sensory switchboard

A statistical method used to find related items on a test.

The removal of a negative stimulus to increase the frequency of a behavior. For example,
rewarding a prisoner for good behavior by letting him out on parole.

Bandura’s phrase for the idea that we influence our environments, and our environments influence us.

The tendency to think that we would have foreseen the outcome, once the outcome is revealed

Composed of the hippocampus, hypothalamus, and amygdala

A test that predicts how well you will learn something new in the future

In Pavlov's experiment, the tone was the ___

Studied by Seligman with dogs in electrified chambers from which they couldn’t escape, this is what happens when animals feel they have no control over their situations

Neither the subject nor the experimenter knows what condition the subject is in ___

Part of the autonomic nervous system that maintains normal body functions and conserves resources

Mallory designed a test for intelligence based on length of nose. This test would be extremely ________ (valid or reliable), but not particularly _______________(valid or reliable).