Brain Basics






Brain Basics Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders Eating Disorders Neurocognitive Disorders Dialectical Behavioral Therapy
What is the Corpus Callosum
Considered the super highway of the brain, this bundle of nerve fibers that ensures both sides of the brain can communicate and send signals to each other.
What are negative symptoms
Antipsychotics generally do not reduce this type of symptoms of schizophrenia. They may even cause worsening of the these symptoms
What is Bulimia Nervosa
Frequent episodes of eating unusually large amounts of food followed by compensatory behavior, such as forced vomiting, excessive use of laxatives or diuretics, fasting, excessive exercise, or a combination of these behaviors are the hallmarks of this disorder. Individuals may be slightly underweight, normal weight, or over overweight
What is delirium
Usually a temporary condition, this develops rapidly over several hours or days and the individual
appears confused, disoriented, and inattentive.
Who is Marsha Lineman
She developed Dialectial Behavioral Therapy
What is Broca's area
This area of the brain is responsible for speech production
What is family therapy
Educating the family about causes, symptoms, and signs of relapse, stressing the importance of medication compliance, improving family communication and problem-solving, and helping the family to avoid blaming patient, are all examples of this type of therapy.
Improve family
What is Binge Eating Disorder
An individual diagnosed with this disorder loses control over his/her eating and do not follow with purging, excessive exercise, or fasting. These individuals are often are overweight or obese.
What is a major neurocognitive disorder
This major decline in metal skills impairs or disrupts the individual's ability to do daily tasks to the point that help is required to perform them, such as paying bills, keeping track of medications to take, ability to plan and make decisions.
What is Emotional Vulnerability
High sensitivity, high reactivity, and a slow return to baseline are all components of what?
What are the frontal lobes
Considered the emotional control center and seat of personality, these lobes are mainly responsible for problem-solving, impulse control, and judgement.
What is the Dopamine Hypothesis
According to this theory, unusual behavior and experiences associate with psychosis can be largely explained by changes in dopamine function in the brain - dopamine is not being metabolized effectively in the brain
What is set shifting
Often lacking in individuals with anorexia, this is the ability to display flexibility in the face of challenging schedules of reinforcement.
What is Major and Mild Neurocognitive Disorders of the Alzheimer's Type.
Accounting for nearly half of all neurocognitive disorders, this type typically develops gradually and steadily. It usually begins with impairment of memory for recent events, followed by deficits in judgment, visual spatial skills, and language difficulty (impoverished speech with word-finding difficulties).
What is the invalidating environment
According to Linehan's biosocial theory of BPD, this is a PERVASIVE communication that emotional responses of the individual are incorrect, inaccurate, and faulty.
What is neuroplasticity
This is the ability of the brain to adapt to changes in an individual's environment by forming new neural connections over time.
What is synaptic pruning
This process, a normal part of brain development during adolescence, is excessive in individuals with schizophrenia.
What is field independence
Preoccupation with detail is characteristic of the behavior and personality of patients with anorexia nervosa is similar to this cognitive style of thinking.
What is the Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE)
This examination is one of the most commonly used and widely tested instrument for testing cognitive ability. Domains measured by this exam include orientation to time and place, registration, attention and calculation, recall, naming, repetition, comprehension, reading, writing, and drawing.
What is dialectical or dialectics
According to Linehan, this occurs when things that seem to be in conflict, yet they are both real or true.
What are mirror neurons
Considered as the mechanism for empathy, imitation, synchrony, development of language, these are the specialized neurons fire when a mammal acts, as well as , when an animal observes the same action performed by another.
What are "Atypicals" or "2nd Generation" Antipsychotics
This classification of antipsychotic medication was first introduced in the 1970s and used primarily to treat positive symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. Abilify, Zyprexa, and Seroquel fall within this classification.
What is anorexia nervosa
This disorder has the highest mortality rate of any of mental health disorder.
What is dementia
Although not a disease itself, but a group of symptoms, such as memory loss and personality changes, this term describes a decline in functioning that is severe enough to disrupt daily life. It not only causes problems in memory, but also how people plan and think.
Not a disease itself, but a group of symptoms
What is core mindfulness
Considered to be the backbone of DBT and is the first skill taught, this is the ability to notice thoughts, feelings, sensations and impulses without judging oneself or trying to change anything.

PSYC 615 Final Exam Review - Part 1

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