| Movement Disorders | Hodge Podge | Potpourri | Cumulative Review | Random Crap |
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What is
DNA ANALYSIS FOR CAG REPEATS
A 42 y/o M presents with a gradually progressive cognitive deficit. He also develops
jerking movements of the extremities, head, and trunk. This test is most likely to confirm the diagnosis. |
What is
MAX OUT THE STIMULANT (but not if the aggression has worsened)
A 10yo w ADHD and aggressive outburst is started on a moderate dose of a stimulant. ADHD symptoms have improved, but aggression has not. In addition to behavioral intervention, this is the next best step
to manage both the ADHD and aggression. |
What is
PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI
A patient presents with severe occipital HA, BL papilledema and no other abnormalities.
Chronic acne treated with isotretinoin. Lumbar puncture reveals elevated opening pressure with no cells, 62 mg/dl glucose, and 22mg/dl protein. CT is normal. The most likely cause is: |
What is
THE CONDITION BEING STUDIED IS RARE
This would be a good reason to use a case-control study instead of a cohort-oriented study.
BONUS: Explain yourself. |
What is
NMDA receptor antagonism
PCP, Alcohol, and ketamine all share this mechanism of action.
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What is
MRI showing bilateral atrophy of the caudate head/nuclei
In a 42 y/o M who presents with a gradually progressive cognitive deficit and develops
jerking movements of the extremities, head, and trunk, this characteristic imaging would be expected. |
What is
NF-2 (NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2 GENE)
27 y/o F has multiple brown popular lesions on the face, neck, shoulders that have developed over years. Has b/l hearing loss, b/l limb and gait ataxia. MRI w/ gadolinium shown on test and has b/l enhancing masses. Pt likely has a mutation in this gene.
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What is
WERNICKE'S APHASIA BONUS: Left temporal lobe
A patient presents with "word salad" and inability to follow commands. He is demonstrating this pathology.
BONUS: Where is the lesion (No eponyms!) |
What is
SEROTONIN
Production of this neurotransmitter is impaired by MDMA use, and low levels are associated with increased aggression.
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What is
HALDOL
This is the first line treatment of Huntington’s chorea.
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What is
Primidone (barbituate) If not for asthma, you would use Propanolol (beta-blocker). Since you use beta-agonists (albuterol, salmeterol, etc.) to treat asthma through bronchodilation, you don't want to bronchoconstrict with propanolol.
A 65y/o w/ h/o asthma presents for treatment of essential tremor. This medication is first-line for this patient.
BONUS: If they didn't have asthma, this medication would be first line. Also, this is why. |
What is
DORSOLATERAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX
This neocortical structure is involved in anxiety, and is also the target for TMS when treating MDD.
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What is
FLUDROCORTISONE
This medication is useful for management of orthostatic hypotension in Parkinson's disease.
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What is
WILLIAMS SYNDROME MICRODELETION ON CHROMOSOME 7q11.23
Child presents w/ moderate intellectual disability, deficits in visuospatial processing, high levels of anxiety, a phobia, and is highly sociable. This is the most likely disorder.
BONUS: What's the genetic defect? |
What is
TEMPORAL OPTIC RADIATIONS
Superior homonymous quadratic defects in the visual fields result from lesions to which of the following structures?
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What is
SUBACUTE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY (CJD) BONUS: None. Extremely low 1 yr survival rate
A septuagenarian patient with no prior medical history and a functional baseline begins to decompensate. Within 1 month, they exhibit visual field defects, disorientation, stark personality changes, myoclonic jerks, and photophobia/sonophobia. This is the most likely diagnosis.
BONUS: This treatment will follow. |
What is
DECLARATIVE MEMORY
The medial temporal lobe and hippocampus are both involved in this brain function.
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What is
The test was POSITIVE and the patient was actually NEGATIVE. BONUS: False positive, alpha-error, failed to confirm the null-hypothesis
You COVID swab a patient. The stats nerd tells you 3 days later that the result was a Type 1 error. You gasp in surprise at their poor communication skills and the revelation that their test was (positive/negative) when really their infection status was (positive/negative).
Bonus: List some other ways of saying that (3 total) |
What is
PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY
66 y/o c/o frequent falls, several-month hx of anxiety, unwillingness
to leave home. On exam, mild impairment of vertical gaze on smooth pursuit/ saccades, mild axial rigidity & minimal rigidity of upper extremities, along w mild slowness of movement on finger tapping, hand opening & wrist opposition. Posture nml. Gait tentative/awkward, but w/o shuffling, ataxia, tremor. Pt is slow in arising from a chair. Most likely dx: |
What is
External validity refers to how the theoretical framework matches up to the real world: Does the population in the study match the real world population? Will practitioners practice similarly to the researchers? Will the intervention actually be used as in the study? Internal validity refers to whether the theoretical framework is bunk or not. Do the constructs represent the individual measures? Is the methodology consistent and valid?
This is the difference between external validity and internal validity.
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What is
Diffusion-weighted MRI w/ subcortical ribboning + basal ganglia diffusion restriction (https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/jnnp/89/5/461/F2.large.jpg) BONUS: CSF w/ 14-3-3 protein (not really), RT-QuIC (really)
In a patient with CJD (subacute spongiform encephalopathy), this test suggests the diagnosis.
BONUS: This test confirms it. |
What is
WORKING MEMORY
The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is involved in this type of memory.
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What is
GABA-A
This Neurotransmitter is found in sleep-promoting neurons of the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus.
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What is
BOTULINUM TOXIN
This is the most effective tx for “writer’s cramp” (focal dystonia assoc w/
writing). |
What is
NORTRIPTYLINE BONUS: Little drug work little good. Give more drug. Medium drug work medium good. Give more drug. Lot drug do lot bad things! Oh nooooo, Dr. Grog has passed point of diminishing returns and induced toxicity! You can probably name 8 other drugs we use like this.
This drug has a "curvilinear therapeautic window".
BONUS: The hell does that mean? |
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