Pharmacotherapy | Back Pain | The WHO analgesic ladder in popular culture | Hospice | Acute Postoperative Pain |
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What is Morphine?
This drug is considered the “Gold Standard” of opioids.
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What are "red flags" for low back pain?
They include back pain that doesn't improve after a month, back pain that doesn't improve with lying down, and patients who also present with unexplained weight loss.
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What was "The Wire"?
This HBO classic depicted the narcotics trade in Baltimore from a different perspective in each season.
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What are quality and quantity?
Palliative care focuses on improving the patient’s _______ of life rather than ______ of life.
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What is chronic pain?
Unrelieved acute post-traumatic and postoperative pain are risk factors for developing this type of pain.
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What is severity?
The WHO analgesic ladder bases drug choice on this aspect of pain.
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What is "ineffective"?
Prolonged bed rest, passive treatments and gabapentin have all been shown to be this for LBP.
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What is heroin?
The Velvet Underground sang about this diacetyl derivative of morphine on their debut album.
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Who is Dame Cicely Saunders?
This clinician is considered the mother of the modern hospice movement.
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What is codeine?
This opioid is no longer recommended for postoperative pain in children due to fatalities in "ultra-rapid" metabolizers.
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What are nonopioids?
Neuropathic pain typically does not respond well to this class of drugs.
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What is back strain or sprain?
85% of patients have this diagnosis for their first complaint of back pain
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What is ketorolac?
This injectable NSAID is thought to be responsible for several cases of renal failure in NFL athletes.
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What is 13 months?
Under Medicare law, all hospices are required to provide bereavement services for at least this amount of time to all families/friends of patients who have died under hospice care.
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What is multimodal analgesia?
This approach to perioperative analgesia employs a variety of agents in small doses to block pain perception at different sites.
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What are NSAIDS?
It is important to administer these drugs with food. They may cause gastrointestinal irritation or bleeding.
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What is 6 months?
LBP is considered to be chronic after this time period
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Who is Sherlock Holmes?
This famous fictional British detective from the turn of the 20th Century indulged in both cocaine and morphine.
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What is 6 months?
For a patient to be eligible to receive and remain on hospice care, the referring/certifying physician must state in their best medical judgment that “with the usual course of their illness" the patient is likely to die within this time period.
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What are NSAIDs?
If possible, this class of analgesics should be avoided postoperatively in the elderly due to concerns about bleeding and damage to the kidney.
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Who are the elderly?
Due to reduced renal function and susceptibility to CNS adverse effects, “start low/go slow” is the best approach when treating this group of patients.
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What are "barriers" to effective therapy of LBP?
These include problems with the healthcare system, with the patient, or with the clinician.
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Who is Steve Earle?
This country singer correctly interpreted the WHO ladder, when singing "Cocaine cannot kill my pain".
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What are nurse, social worker, chaplain, medical director, volunteer coordinator, bereavement coordinator?
At the minimum, these 6 professionals must be included in a hospice interdisciplinary team
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What is the epidural route?
Sepsis is an absolute contraindication to the use of this route of administration of analgesia.
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