Peripheral neurons that transmit noxious stimuli to the CNS

When a normally, non-painful stimulus is perceived as painful.

These are the two most influential excitatory neurotransmitters involved in pain transmission.

These two opioid agonists are known to produce active metabolites after hepatic biotransformation and should be used with caution in elderly and renal patients.

Action on mu and delta receptors results in this centrally-mediated side effect.

This phase of the pain pathway involves conduction of the action potential from the periphery to the CNS

This type of pain is the result of damage to peripheral or central neural tissue.

This opioid receptor is responsible for negative side effects such as respiratory depression and physical dependence.

One of the most important pharmacokinetic parameters for the action of opioids that determines the speed of absorption.

Administration of opioid agonists via this route generally require a much smaller dose than systemic administration?

The name of the primary sensory, dorsal, afferent pathway.

Pain that is felt in a part of the body remote from the actual source.

The endogenous opioid agonists that best pair with the Mu receptor.

This opioid agonist is unique in that it is primarily metabolized by hydrolysis in the plasma, requiring a constant infusion to be effective.

The cortical representation of body parts where pain is perceived in the somatosenory cortex.

These two types of neurons are responsible for the transmission of pain signals.

The type of pain that is associated with the distention of a hollow body cavity.

Inhibition of this pathway interrupts the synthesis of what peripheral mediator of pain. (2 answers)

This principle explains individual differences in the speed with which opioids are metabolized.

These neurons, abundant in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, are sensitive to both noxious and non-noxious stimuli and associated with wind-up phenomenon.

Descending modulation of pain originates in these two areas of the medulla.

A type of pain that is caused by rapidly escalating doses of potent mu-receptor agonists.

Due to its antinociceptive activity and low abuse potential, this receptor is the focus of analgesic pharmacologic development.

An opioid with a pKa much lower than physiologic pH (7.4) will have much greater fraction of:

This combination agonist-antagonist/antagonist drug is used in medication-assisted therapy for patients with a history of opioid dependence.