Treatment Terminology Types of Cancers Pathology Vocabulary
100
What is cauterization?
Destruction of tissue by burning. (laser, dry ice, chemicals, etc.)
100
What is follicu/o?
small glandular sacs
100
What is a carcinoma?
solid tumors that are derived from epithelial tissue that lines external and internal body surfaces, including skin, glands, and digestive, urinary, and reproductive organs
100
What does cystic mean?
forming large open spaces filled with fluid
100
What is adjuvant chemotherapy?
drugs are given after primary therapy
200
What is the goal of radiation therapy?
To deliver a maximal dose of ionizing radiation to the tumor tissue and a minimal dose to the surrounding normal tissue.
200
What is mutagen/o?
causing genetic change
What are four types of epithelial tissue in the gastrointestinal tract?
colon, esophagus, liver and stomach
200
What does carcinoma in situ mean?
referring to localized tumor cells that have not invaded adjacent structures
200
What is deoxyribonucleic acid?
genetic material within the nucleus of a cell; controls cell division and protein synthesis.
300
What is photon therapy?
Radiation therapy using x-rays or gamma rays. A linear accelerator produces photon beams to treat tumors.
300
What is scirrh/o?
hard
300
What is a sarcoma?
malignant tumors derived from connective tissues in the body, such as bone, fat, muscle, cartilage, and bone marrow and from cells
300
What does epidermoid mean?
resembling squamos epithelial cells
300
What is metastasis?
spread of a malignant tumor to a secondary site
400
What are three side effects of radiotherapy?
-mucositis
-myelosuppression
-nausea and vomiting
-xerostomia
-alopecia
-cystitis
-pneumonitis
-proctitis
-fibrosis
-secondary tumors
-infertility
400
What is -blastoma?
immature tumor
400
What are four types of connective tissue?
bone, muscle, cartilage, fat, fibrous tissue, blood vessel tissue, blood-forming tissue, nerve tissue
400
What does scirrhous mean?
densely packed tumors, due to dense bands of fibrous tissue
400
What is an oncogene?
region of DNA in tumor cells or in viruses that cause cancer
500
What are the five categories of cancer chemotherapeutic agents?
Alkylating agents, Antibiotics, Antimetabolites, Antimitotics, Hormonal agents.
500
What is papill/o?
nipple-like
500
What are leukemias and multiple myeloma?
tumors derived from bone marrow
500
What does dysplastic mean?
containing abnormal-appearing cells that are not clearly cancerous
500
What is stereotactic radiosurgery?
technique in which a single large dose of radiation is delivered under precise 3D guidance to destroy vascular abnormalities and small brain tumors.






Oncology

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