Functions of the Hypothalamus | Hypothalamic Neurosecretory Cells | Hypothalamic hypophysiotropic hormones | Complexities of the hypothalamic-pituitary interactions | adenohypophyseal hormones |
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Name the 3 areas of the medial basal hypothalamus that are referred to the endocrine hypothalamus.
median eminence, arcuate nucleus, VMH
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What are the two types of neurosecretory cells
magnocellular and parvicellular
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What is the function of hypophysiotropic hormones
To modulate the release of anterior pituitary hormones
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What hormone does TRH release from the anterior pituitary?
TSH
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What are the functions of magnocellular cells
To release neurohormones into the circulatory system
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What are the 6, well established hypophysiotropic hormones that regulate release of anterior pituitary hormones?
TRH, CRH, GnRH, GHRH, Somatostatin (SOM), dopamine
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What hormone release is inhibited by dopamine?
prolactin
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What are the functions of the parvicellular cells
To release hypothalamic hormones into the hypophyseal portal system
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what is known about the control of alpha-MSH release from the anterior pituitary
GABA and dopamine inhibits alpha-MSH release. CRH, HT and NE stimulate alpha-MSH release. No hypophysiotropic hormone other than these classic neurotransmitters has been identified to regulate alpha-MSH secretion.
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What hormones does GnRH release from the anterior pituitary?
LH and FSH
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What is a neuroendocrine transducer
Convert neural input into hormonal output
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What classic neurotransmitter also serves as a hypophysiotropic hormone?
Dopamine
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What hormones does CRH release from the anterior pituitary?
ACTH and beta-endorphin
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Give four examples of neuroendocrine transducers
1) magnocellular neurons that release oxytocin and vassopressin into the circulatory system. 2) parvicellular neurons that secrete releasing/inhibiting hormones into the hypophyseal portal system, 3) the adrenal medulla that responds to sympathetic stimu
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What two hormones are NOT hypophysiotropic hormones because they are released from the magnocellular neurons in the posterior pituitary directly into the circulatory system?
vasopressin and oxytocin
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What hormone release is stimulated by GHRH and inhibited by somatostatin (SOM)?
Growth hormone (GH)
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