The claim that the defendant could not have committed the crime because he or she was elsewhere at the time.

The "state of mind" that accompanies a crime.

The "law on the books"

Minor crimes such as petty theft, simple assault,
breaking and entering, disturbing the peace.

The effort to understand and accept other cultures within society.

The defendant admits to committing the act but claims that it was necessary to avoid some greater evil.

The guilty act.

Unwritten laws created from everyday social customs, rules, and practices.

Serious crimes such as murder, rape, aggravated assault, robbery, burglary, and arson.

Emphasizes the efficient arrest and conviction of criminal offenders.

Defenses claiming that the individual engaging in the unlawful behavior was, at the time, not legally responsible for his or her actions and should not be held accountable under the law.

The occurrence of the men's rea and actus reus at the same time.

The body of rules and regulations that define wrongs committed against the state or society.

Things like jaywalking, spitting on the sidewalk littering, and certain traffic offenses.

Focus on individual rights, procedural fairness

Procedural defenses claim that the defendant was in some manner discriminated against in the justice process.

A person's reason for committing a crime.

The body of rules that regulate how legal rights are enforced.

A U.S. citizen’s actions to help a foreign government overthrow, make war against, or seriously injure the United States.

A person can be emotionally enraged by another, resulting in a criminal act.

An improper or illegal inducement to crime by agents of law enforcement.

"The body of the crime"

Penal Law

An incomplete offense—one that has not been fully carried out.

The components of the criminal justice work together harmoniously to achieve justice?