Basic Genetics Vocabulary Mendelian Genetics Generations Mendel's Laws Inheritance practice
100
Each of the characteristics present in an organism
What is the definition of traits?
100
Dominant
A ___________allele is one that is always expressed when that allele is present.
100
F1 Generation is the offspring (the first generation) from the p generation
What is the F1 generation?
100
Alleles separate during gamete formation
What is Mendel’s Law of Segregation?
100
hh
A pea plant is homozygous recessive for height. Its two alleles would be _______? (H for height)
200
They are made up of thousands of genes
What are chromosomes made up of?
200
Recessive
What is the allele that gets masked in a hybrid?
200
All alike (all hybrids or heterozygous)
What is the phenotype ratio of the F1 generation?
200
Genes are separate chromosomes assort into gametes independently
What is the law of independent assortment?
200
Hh
A pea plant is heterozygous dominant for height. Its two alleles would be _______? (H for height)
300
Segments of DNA that have the information about a certain trait
What is the definition of genes?
300
3:1
When a homozygous dominant genotype is crossed with a homozygous recessive genotype, what is the phenotypic ratio expected in the F2 generation?
300
Comes from the F1 generation being self-pollinated with itself
What is the F2 generation?
300
If two pure breeding varieties that differ in just one trait are crossed, all individuals in the next generation (F1), will present the dominant trait.
What is the law of uniformity?
300
All will be tall
A TT (tall) plant is crossed with a tt (short plant).
What percentage of the offspring will be tall?
400
The chromosomes from the two gametes are united in the zygote, as a result, the zygote has one allele from each parent for each gene
What happens during fertilization?
400
Individuals that are homozygous for a trait (both alleles are the same)
What are pure-breeding individuals?
400
The P generation are the first two individuals crossed in a breeding experiment
What is the P generation?
400
3:1
What is the ratio for Mendel's second law (Law of segregation)?
400
25%
A Tt plant is crossed with a Tt plant. What percentage
of the offspring will be short?
500
Dominant: The allele that is expressed if different alleles occur together
Recessive: The allele that is not expressed if the dominant allele is present
What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?
500
A breeding experiment that tracks the inheritance of two traits
What is a dihybrid cross?
500
Genotype are the actual alleles or genes present in the individual, Phenotype is the physical result of the genes
What is the difference between genotypes and phenotypes?
500
Incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles, gene interaction, lethal genes
What are the exceptions to Mendel's laws?
500
75%
In humans, the allele for albanism is recessive to the alleles for normal skin pigmentation. If two heterozygotes have children, what is the chance that a child will have normal skin pigment?






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