| Maternal Body Systems | Discomforts & Safety | Psychosocial & Roles | Antepartum Visits & Risk | Nutrition & Weight Gain | Naegel's Rule and GLTPAL |
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What is physiologic anemia due to plasma volume increasing faster than red blood cells?
This cardiovascular change makes hemoglobin look “diluted” but is normal in pregnancy.
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What is “morning sickness” (nausea and vomiting)?
This common first‑trimester symptom is linked to increased estrogen and hCG and usually resolves by 10–16 weeks.
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What is couvade?
This term describes partners who experience pregnancy‑like symptoms such as nausea and weight gain.
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What is the preconception, interconception, or initial prenatal visit?
This visit should include a complete history and physical exam to determine potential risks and obtain baseline data.
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What is 11.5–16 kg (25–35 lb)?
For a client with normal pre-pregnancy weight, the recommended total pregnancy weight gain is this range in kilograms or pounds.
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What is “add 7 days, subtract 3 months, and adjust the year as needed”?
This is the verbal formula for Naegele’s Rule using the first day of the LMP.
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What is supine hypotensive syndrome?
This syndrome occurs when the gravid uterus compresses the vena cava in the supine position.
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What is turning the client to a lateral tilt or placing a wedge/pillow under the hip?
This simple position change or support with a wedge can prevent supine hypotensive syndrome.
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What is happening to the fetus (developing baby)?
As the fetus becomes “real” in the second trimester, focus typically shifts from self to this.
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What is at each prenatal visit?
Every 4 weeks, then every 2-3 weeks then every week
Risk assessment is repeated at this frequency during pregnancy.
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What is 0.5–2 kg (1.1–4.4 lb)?
Recommended pattern: total weight gain in the first trimester is about this range in kg or lb.
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What is January 17, 2026? (April 10 + 7 days = April 17; −3 months = January 17; +1 year.)
A client’s LMP started on April 10, 2025. Using Naegele’s Rule, what is the EDD?
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What are flared ribs, widened substernal angle, and increased chest circumference?
In late pregnancy, the uterus pushes the diaphragm upward; these three compensatory chest changes occur.
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What is constipation?
Relaxation of smooth muscle and slowed GI motility increase the risk of this common GI discomfort.
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What is mimicking other parents, role‑play with dolls, fantasizing about the baby, or developing a sense of self as a parent?
Name one task in the transition to the parental role (e.g., behaviors used to “practice” being a parent).
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What is extra vigilance to detect complications?
Compared with singleton pregnancies, multifetal pregnancies cause greater physiologic changes and require this from clinicians.
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What are 340 calories in the second trimester and 452 calories in the third?
Daily energy intake should increase by this many calories in the second trimester, and this in the third.
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What is G2 T1 P0 A0 L1?
A client is currently pregnant. She had one previous pregnancy that ended at 39 weeks and the child is alive. What is her GTPAL?
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What is progesterone?
This hormone relaxes smooth muscle, contributing to urinary stasis and constipation.
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What are striae gravidarum (stretch marks)?
Stretching and separation of connective tissue fibers during pregnancy lead to these characteristic skin marks.
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What is learn to be giving and form an attachment to the unborn child?
To complete the parental tasks of pregnancy, the pregnant person must seek safe passage, gain acceptance, and learn to do this toward the unknown child.
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What is preparation for childbirth, breastfeeding, or early parenting?
Name one key educational focus of classes offered in later pregnancy (after the early “healthy pregnancy” classes).
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What is 71 g per day (about 25 g more than non-pregnant needs)?
Protein needs increase to this amount per day during pregnancy and lactation.
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What is September 6, 2026? (November 30 +7 = December 7; −3 months = September 7, 2026 (Remember days of the month)
LMP: November 30, 2025. What is the EDD by Naegele’s Rule?
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What is What are increased renal plasma flow and increased GFR?
Name two urinary/renal changes that help clear extra metabolic waste but may cause glucose or nutrient “spilling” in the urine.
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What is feeling warm or experiencing heat intolerance?
Increased blood flow to the skin and higher metabolic rate can cause this subjective feeling many pregnant clients report.
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What is their age, their beliefs about the grandparent role, or the number/ages of existing grandchildren?
Give one factor that affects how grandparents respond to a pregnancy (besides simple excitement).
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What are the nursing process and critical‑thinking skills?
Nurses use this process and skill set to help families make lifestyle changes for a healthy pregnancy.
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What are abnormal prepregnancy weight, anemia, eating disorders, pica, multiparity, substance abuse, closely spaced pregnancies, or multifetal pregnancy?
Name two common nutritional risk factors that may require diet adaptation in pregnancy (e.g., related to weight or health behaviors).
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What is G2 T0 P1 A1 L2? (Twins = one preterm pregnancy, two living.)
A client had:
Twin birth at 35 weeks, both alive One early miscarriage at 8 weeks No current pregnancy. What is the GTPAL? |
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6 mL/hr
Rationale: Find concentration: 30 units in 500 mL 30 ÷ 500 = 0.06 30÷500=0.06 units/mL = 60 milliunits/mL (because 1 unit = 1000 mU). Need 6 mU/min: 6 mU/min ÷ 60 mU/mL = 0.1 mL/min 6 mU/min÷60 mU/mL=0.1 mL/min Convert to mL/hr: 0.1mL/min × 60 = 6mL/hr 0.1 mL/min × 60 = 6 mL/hr The provider orders: “Start oxytocin (Pitocin) at 6 milliunits/min for induction of labor.”
The IV bag is mixed with 30 units of oxytocin in 500 mL of LR. (Round to nearest whole number , if needed) |