alignment of central ray of x-ray beam in horizontal and vertical planes

type of image used for interproximal examination of both crowns and bone

intersecting at or forming a right angle

child occlusal images are taken with what size of receptor

– x-ray beam must be centered on the receptor to ensure that all the areas are exposed.

scaling x-ray beam to proper size

depicting large area of one arch

enlargement of an image

the angle between the long axis of the tooth and the receptor divided in half

the central ray of the x-ray of the beam must be directed perpendicular to the receptor and the long axis of the tooth

x-ray at center of beam; purest ray

radiographic view that shows the crown, root tip, and surrounding structures

interproximal tooth surfaces are superimposed by incorrect horizontal angulation error, cannot view interproximal contacts

The central ray is aligned with the long axis of the tooth and the receptor at a right angle.

positioned parallel to the long axis of the tooth to be exposed.

intraoral technique of exposing dental images; cutting angle in half

series consists of 18 to 20 images—generally, 14 periapical views and 4 to 6 bitewing views.

of images is caused by excessive (too much) vertical angulation, image is short and wide,

adult bitewings uses this size of receptor

to cover intended region for exposure in the mouth

imaginary line dividing the tooth longitudinally (vertically) into two equal halves

extra-oral image commonly taken every 3-5 years

caused by insufficient (not enough) vertical angulation, image is long and stretched out

also known as Paralleling Technique

the central ray of the x-ray beam must be directed through the contact area between the te