| Crime | Crimes Against the Person | Crimes Against Property & Other Offences | Criminal Investigations | Criminal Defences | Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
abetting
encouraging a person to commit a crime
|
aggravated assault
wounding, maiming, disfiguring, or endangering the life of a victim
|
color of right
the honest belief that a person owns or has permission to use an item
|
innocent until proven guilty:
Crown must prove guilt of accused, instead of accused proving innocence
|
defense
the denial of, or a justification for, criminal behavior
|
juvenile delinquent
historical definition (from Juvenile Delinquents Act - 1908) of child between
6-18 years old who committed crimes, were unmanageable, or sexually immoral |
|
crime
an act, or omission of an act, that is prohibited and punishable by federal statute law
|
homicide
directly or indirectly causing the death of another human being
|
theft
taking property permanently, or temporarily, without color of right
|
prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt
strength of the proof of guilt must be strong enough to
leave almost no doubt as to guilt |
double-jeopardy
criminal defense based on the legal premise that an accused person may not be charged
with the same crime twice |
incapacity of children
the legal presumption that a child under 12 cannot form mens rea to commit a crime
|
|
Criminal Code of Canada (CCC):
federal statute containing most of Canada’s criminal laws
|
first degree murder
murder that is planned and deliberate, is contracted, causes the death of peace officer, or is committed while committing another serious offense
|
laundering proceeds of crime
transfer of cash or other property to conceal its illegal origin
|
crime scene contamination
loss, destruction, or alteration of physical evidence from a crime scene
|
entrapment
criminal defense used against police conduct that illegally induces the defendant to commit an
illegal act |
extrajudicial sanctions
when a young offender participates in community-based programs instead of court to make amends for a crime
|
|
perpetrator
person who commits a criminal offense
|
non-culpable homicide
killing for which someone is not held legally responsible
|
Theft over $5000
The technical term for "grand theft"
|
crime scene
location where a crime takes place
|
alibi
criminal defense claiming that the accused person was not in the same location of the crime at the time
it was committed |
custody
youth criminal sentence that confines a youth within a controlled facility
|
|
conspiracy
when two or more people make an agreement/plan to commit an illegal act, even if the act wasn’t
carried out |
summary conviction offense:
less serious crime carrying a lighter sentence
|
Fraud
Intentionally deceiving someone in order to cause a loss of property, money, or service
|
chain of custody
written record of people who had contact with each piece of physical evidence
|
provocation
criminal defense that states that the actions or words were insulting enough to cause a
reasonable person to lose control |
secure custody
youth criminal sentence where youth are incarcerated in a youth detention facility
|
|
- Crossing an International Boarder
- Airport Security Screening (even for domestic flights) - Courthouses and Secure Government Buildings - Prisons, Jails, and Detention Centres - Limited use in random traffic stops While arbitrary search and detention is in most cases a charter rights violation, there are some exceptions to the rule. Where could you be subject to random search and detention in Canada? Give two examples
|