| The Role of Justice | The Main Idea of the Theory of Justice | The Original Position and Justification | "Whats a Fair Start?" |
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What is justice?
The first virtue of social institutions, as truth is of systems of thought; however, much like theories themselves, laws and institutions must be reformed or abolished if they are unjust no matter how efficient and well-arranged they are.
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What is the traditional theory of the social contract?
In justice as fairness the original position of equality corresponds to the state of nature.
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What is the original position?
The initial position of equality in which the correct principles of justice are chosen. This position is meant to be fair and impartial.
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What is Libertarian Distributive Justice?
A free market system.
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What is existing societies?
Seldom well-ordered societies; what is just and unjust is usually in dispute.
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What is the Veil of Ignorance?
You know nothing of yourself, your natural abilities, or your position in society. You know nothing of your rape, sexuality, etc. behind the veil.
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What is one assumption Rawl's makes about the people in the Original Position?
They are self-interested.
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What is Meritocratic Distributive Justice?
A fair and equal opportunity.
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What is a set of principles?
Required for providing a way of assigning rights and duties in the basic institutions of society.
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What is the state of nature?
No one knows their place in society, their class position or social status, their abilities, etc.
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What is the circumstances in which justice is both necessary and possible?
When there are limited resources and/or a conflict of interests.
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What is the Difference Principle?
"Those who have been favoured by nature, whoever they are, may gain from their good fortune only on terms that improve the situation of those who have lost out"
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What is true justice?
Values the liberties of everyone equally and that the rights or some are not to be sacrificed in any form of political bargaining to benefit the greater good.
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What is a fair agreement or bargain?
No one is able to design principles to favour their particular condition.
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What is it that Rawls puts people behind in the original position so that they come up with just terms for social cooperation?
The Veil of Ignorance
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What is the formal equality of opportunity?
The formal equality of all no matter what family the individual was born into (e.g., jobs and education should be open to all).
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What is a well-ordered society?
A society in which (1) everyone accepts and knows that the others accept the same principles of justice, and (2) the basic social institutions generally satisfy these principles.
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What does the Veil of Ignorance make parties ignorant of?
Race, gender, socioeconomic class; physical and mental abilities; aversion to risk, etc.
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What is reflective equilibrium?
We adjust our Principles of Justice; our principles and judgements coincide; and it is reflective because we know to what principles our judgements conform and the root of their premises.
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What is the consequence of putting all choosers in the Original Position behind the Veil of Ignorance?
They would all choose the distributive principle which would be the socially use distribution of goods in a society.
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