Earth, Moon, &Sun | Cells | Mitosis | Genetics | Evolution |
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What is eclipse
When the Earth, Sun, and Moon are in a straight line with one blocking the other.
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What is cytoplasm
Jelly-like substance that makes up the inside of the cell. All the organelles are suspended in it.
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What is Prophase
DNA supercoils and chromosomes condense
Chromosomes are comprised of genetically identical sister chromatids (joined at a centromere) Paired centrosomes move to the opposite poles of the cell and form microtubule spindle fibers The nuclear membrane breaks down and the nucleus dissolves These occur at this phase of mitosis |
What is allele
One member of a pair (or any of the series) of genes occupying a specific spot on a chromosome (called locus) that controls the same trait.
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What is adaption
A Characteristic that improves an individual’s ability to survive and reproduce in particular environment
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What is a solar eclipse
occurs when there is a new moon. The moon passes between the Sun and the Earth causing a shadow to fall on the Earth.
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What is cell membrane
Border of cell that allows nutrients to enter and wastes to leave the cell
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What is metaphase
Microtubule spindle fibers from both centrosomes connect to the centromere of each chromosome
Microtubule causes spindle fibers to shorten in length and contract This causes chromosomes to align along the center of the cell (equatorial plane or metaphase plate) These things occur during this phase |
What is genes
The basic physical and functional unit of heredity
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What is evolution
The process in which inherited characteristics within a population change over generations such that new species sometimes arise.
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What is a lunar eclipse
This occurs when occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth's shadow.
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What is rough endoplasmic reticulum
This is covered in ribosomes. Modifies, packages and ships PROTEINS throughout the cell
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What is interphase
DNA is present as uncondensed chromatin)
DNA is contained within a clearly defined nucleus Centrosomes and other organelles have been duplicated Cell is enlarged in preparation for division This occurs during this phase of mitosis |
What is homozygous
When an individual has two of the same allele, whether dominant or recessive
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What is a fossil
Trace remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock
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What is the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon as well as the rotation of the Earth
Tides are the rise and fall of the levels of the ocean, what causes
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What is mitochondria
The part of the cell that produces energy
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What is teleophase
Once the two chromosome sets arrive at the poles, spindle fibers dissolve
Chromosomes decondense Nuclear membranes reform around each chromosome set Cytokinesis occurs concurrently, splitting the cell into two This occurs during this phase of mitosis |
What is heterozygous
having two different alleles for a specific trait.
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What is host
An animal or plant on or in which a parasite lives.
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What is 12 hours
The number of hours between high tides
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What is lysosome
This contains enzymes that break down and digest cell waste
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What is anaphase
Continued contraction of the spindle fibers causes genetically identical sister chromatids to separate
Once the chromatids separate, they are each considered an individual chromosome in their own right The genetically identical chromosomes move to the opposite poles of the cell This occurs during this phase of mitosis |
What is phenotype
the physical properties of an organism, everything you can observe from how they look to how they act.
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What is bipedal
Using only two legs for walking.
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