History Clinical Effects Pharmacology Management Miscellaneous
100
What is iron
Used to treat iron deficiency anemia in patients of all ages
100
What is first 6 hours after ingestion
The absence of symptoms like vomiting after iron ingestion during this time period excludes serious iron toxicity
100
What is mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation
The mitochondrial process that iron ions disrupt
100
What is hematemesis or lethargy (consider orotracheal intubation in lethargic patients)
Manifestations of severe iron toxicity
100
What is deferoxamine
This antidote for iron toxicity forms the complex ferrioxamine which is excreted by the kidneys, leading to reddish-brown color to the urine
200
What are prenatal vitamins
Families with young children may have iron ingestion incidents due to this medication that contains iron
200
What is yersinia enterocolitica
Patients with chronic iron overload are at an increased risk for this infection because iron is a required growth factor for this bacterium
200
What are reactive oxygen species
Iron's participation in redox reactions produces this which causes oxidation of membrane-bound lipids and causes tissue injury
200
What is abdominal radiography
Used to estimate the iron burden in the GI tract
200
What is acute lung injury and ARDS
Adverse effects of deferoxamine which can be usually seen in chronic administration for treatment of hemochromatosis
300
What is Vitamin A
This vitamin found in liver, fish oils, cheese, and whole milk
300
What is intestinal ulceration, edema, small bowel infarction, hematemesis, melena, hematochezia
GI symptoms associated with iron ingestion
300
What is idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Disruption of cell membrane integrity by vitamin A in the CNS can lead to disruption of CSF outflow causing signs and symptoms of this disease
300
What is iron
An arterial or venous blood gas would show a metabolic acidosis if this toxin was ingested
300
What is the large storage capacity in the liver for excess vitamin A
The reason why hepatotoxicity occurs prior to an elevation in the serum concentration of vitamin A which can be normal or even low
400
What is vitamin D
This vitamin is found in butter, cheese, cream, and fatty fish like salmon and mackerel
400
What is xerosis (associated with pruritis and erythema)
Most common skin manifestation of vitamin A toxicity
400
What is the regulation of calcium homeostasis via interactions with intestines and bones
The primary role of vitamin D
400
What is activated charcoal
Recent acute large overdose of vitamin A is treated with this intervention
400
What are increased PR intervals, widening of QRS complexes, QT shortening, and flattened T waves
ECG findings of vitamin D toxicity
500
What is eucalyptol
Found in many nonprescription cough preparations and widely used for the treatment of upper respiratory infections because of anti-inflammatory effects
500
What is calcium
Vitamin D toxicity can cause ataxia, confusion, psychosis, seizures, coma, and renal failure due to this mineral level being elevated
500
What is less than 1 teaspoon (5 mL)
Ingestion of less than this amount of eucalyptus oil has resulted in severe toxicity
500
What is vitamin D
Intervention for this vitamin's toxicity is discontinuation of the vitamin and calcium supplementation, maintenance of low calcium diet, and administration of fluids
500
What is eucalyptus oil
Symptoms of this oil develop rapidly and progress from headache to light-headedness to CNS depression






Iron, Vitamins, and Essential Oils

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