Commercial Use | Clinical Effects | Method of Absorption | Management | Miscellaneous |
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What is chlorhexidine
This antiseptic is found in skin cleansers and sometimes mouthwash
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What is chlorhexidine
When orally ingested, causes symptoms ranging from mild GI irritation to liver lobular necrosis and fatty degeneration
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What is chlorhexidine
Inhalation of this vaporized toxin can cause methemoglobinemia due to the conversion of the toxin to p-chloraniline
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What is an endoscopy
Significant caustic ingestion of chlorhexidine would result in the need for this intervention
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What is chlorhexidine
IV administration of this toxin can cause hemolysis due to the hypotonicity of the injected solution
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What is hydrogen peroxide
Commercial use for this toxin may include bleaching and cleansing textiles but home use for the diluted toxin includes ear cerumen removal and enemas
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What is hydrogen peroxide
When orally ingested, may cause airway compromise, drooling, apnea, and supraglottic narrowing
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What is corneal damage
Eye exposure of chlorhexidine can cause this
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What is induced emesis
This intervention is CONTRAINDICATED in management of hydrogen peroxide ingestion
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What is gas embolism resulting in intestinal gas gangrene
Results of using hydrogen peroxide during colonic lavage during surgery of meconium ileus
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What is 35% hydrogen peroxide
Can be used as a health food additive to aerate health food drinks
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What are esophageal edema and gastric mucosal erosions
Endoscopy after ingestion of hydrogen peroxide
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What is subcutaneous emphysema
Use of hydrogen peroxide for wound irrigation can cause this complication
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What is Trendelenburg position
Patients are placed in this position when there is evidence of gas in the heart to prevent gas from blocking the RV outflow tract
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What is gas formation
Evidence of this on examination of the patient would point to ingestion of hydrogen peroxide
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What is formaldehyde
Not only used as an embalming agent but also as a disinfectant for hemodialysis machines
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What is large anion gap metabolic acidosis (conversion of formaldehyde to formic acid)
Most striking and rapid systemic manifestation of formaldehyde poisoning
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What is ulceration, necrosis, perforation, and stomach hemorrhage
Early endoscopic findings of formaldehyde ingestion
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What is sodium bicarbonate and folinic acid
Acidemia caused by formaldehyde is treated by this intervention
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What is formaldehyde
Exposure of this toxin has been proven to be associated with an increased incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
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What is sodium and potassium chlorate
Found in herbicides and in the manufacture of matches, explosives, and dyestuffs
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What is formaldehyde
Causes rapid severe abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, AMS, coma
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What is formaldehyde
The major mechanism of this toxin is the ability to oxidize hemoglobin and increase RBC membrane rigidity
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What is orogastric lavage and activated charcoal
Patient with significant chlorate ingestion should undergo this intervention
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What is inactivation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase by chlorates (enzyme required for methylene blue to effectively reduce methemoglobin)
Reason why methylene blue CANNOT be used to treat chlorate-induced methemoglobinemia
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