The Center of the Incas that became an important city of highland Peru under the Spaniards.

This Indigenous ethnic group is found in Southern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, etc. They built the pyramid of Chichen Itza.

The Nahuatl name for the Feathered-Serpent deity of ancient Mesoamerican culture. Hint: Cortés was mistaken to be him.

Term originally applied to Africans born in the Americas; the term was adopted by Spaniards born in Spain to refer derogatorily to Spaniards born in the Americas.

The Portuguese term to refer to Brazilian plantations.

The term referring to the extended culture area from Central Mexico south to Guatemala. It sometimes includes Honduras, El Salvador, and Nicaragua.

Also known as the Nudzahui. This is an Indigenous group known to reside mostly in Oaxaca. Not to be confused with the Zapotec.

A Dominican friar. This man is one of the earliest defenders of Indigenous rights using Christian theology. Wrote A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies.

A person of mixed Spanish and indigenous ancestry.

The term used for coercive labor in the Andes, particularly mining.

This altepetl (city-state) wrote about the conquest in the Florentine Codex

The name for an ethnic group and language spoken in the Andes. It is the most widely spoken Indigenous language, as well as the language spoken by the Inca.

This is the monastic order that founded the missions here in California

An Indian ruler. In late colonial Spanish, any prominent indigenous person.

This Spanish policy of resetting native people or communities aimed for higher concentrations of inhabitants.

Two Parts, Double the Points
1. This place is home to the largest deposits of silver in the Andes.
2. This is the port city in Spain where all goods and people had to go through from and to Spanish America.

The indigenous people of the Caribbean. Hint: they were the principal inhabitants of most of Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, and the Bahamas.

The religious tribunal whose purpose is to ferret out heresy in newly converted Christians. They were eventually forbidden from punishing Indigenous people.

This is the Nahuatl term for the political ethnic unit that most pre-Conquest Mesoamericans identified with, it means water and hill in Nahuatl.

Proposed by Pope Alexander VI, this act claimed to have given Spain dominion over the Americas and Portugal, Africa and Asia (later added to include Brazil)

This area in Brazil is where the Portuguese first made contact with the Americas. It is also known as the center of sugar producing, slave plantations in early colonial Brazil history.

The ruler of the Inca Empire at the time Pizarro invaded Peru. Forced to give a ransom of filling rooms with gold/silver but still executed.

An Iberian Muslim who converts to Christianity, or the descendants of these Christian converts.

The leader of ayullu, Andean communities.

TWO PARTS: 1) This piece of legislation issued by the Spanish crown in the 16th century virtually abolished the encomienda system, but was mainly not enforced for years following.
2) The aforementioned system (explain).