Be a Geologist | Geospehere | Rocks | Minerals | Geosphere Resources and Humans |
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Fossils
Geologists use these to help them order rock layers
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Crust, mantle, core
What are the layers of the geosphere?
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Minerals
What makes up rocks?
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A mineral is a solid, inorganic substance of natural origin with a defined chemical composition and a crystalline structure
Define a mineral
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Nonrenewable
Are minerals renewable or nonrenewable?
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Sedimentary rocks
This is the rock a geologist would usually find a fossil in.
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the outermost and thinnest layer- composed of rocks that are solid and hard but lightweight
Define the crust layer (what it consists of)
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Rocks
These make up earth's lithosphere BUT can range to be various sizes, even a grain of sand
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Silicate and non-silicate
What are the two categories of minerals?
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Ore- A mineral from which an element is extracted
Gangue- the worthless remainder of the rock it is in
Define the words "ore" and "gangue"
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Moh's hardness scale
This scale is used to tell the hardness of a rock
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The middle layer- consists of denser rocks and its temperature and pressure increases with depth
Define the mantle layer (what it consists of)
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Igneous rocks
This type of rock is formed during seafloor spreading
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Feldspar, biotite, quartz
What three minerals form granite?
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Uraninite
What is an example of an energy mineral?
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Streak test
This tests to see what color comes when you rub a rock against a tile.
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The innermost layer- composed of iron and nickel
Define the core layer (what it consists of)
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Weathering and cementation
The two things that happen for sedimentary rocks to become what they are
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Surface colour, lustre, crystal habit, hardness, cleavage
What are the five main properties to identify minerals?
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Quartz, halite, graphite
What are the minerals used in construction and industry?
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Georgus Agricola
Who was the scientist that studied mining?
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6371 km
What is the radius of the geosphere
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Sedimentary (detrital and non-detrital)
Igneous (plutonic and volcanic) Metamorphic (foliated and non-foliated)
Name the origins of all three types of rocks
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Solid, inorganic, natural origin, defined chemical composition, crystalline structure
List some characteristics of minerals
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Limestone, gypsum, clay, sandstone, marble, granite, and slate
What rocks are used in the chemical industry?
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