| Siegel Chapter 10: Interpersonal Violence | Siegel: Chapter 10 | Gangs and Violence | Gangs and Violence | Firearms and Violence |
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What is involuntary or negligent manslaughter?
This term refers to the killing of another person that results from carelessness and without regard for the harm that may be caused to others by their actions; most often involve motor vehicle-related deaths
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What are presence of alcohol, access to weapons, stepchild in the home, estrangement, hostility towards dependency, excessive brooding, social learning, socioeconomic factors, flashes of anger, military service [PTSD link?], having been battered children,
Name any three of the factors that predict spousal abuse
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What is 'that there is no general consensus on what defines 'gang-related' (and may also overlap with 'gang-motivated')?
When the media indicates that a crime is 'gang-related', this is problematic because
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What is a street gang?
This is any durable, street-oriented youth group whose involvement in illegal activity is part of its group identity
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What is self-protection?
This is the main reason juveniles reported having a firearm
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What are premeditation and deliberation?
These are the two primary criteria that must be present in order for an individual to be charged with the commission of first-degree murder
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What is 'intraracial'?
Murder tends to be __________racial.
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What are Hispanic or Latino males?
This is the most common ethnic identity and gender of gang members
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What is 258,000,000?
This is the number that best represents how many firearms are in the U.S., circa 2005
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What is the subculture of violence?
This group's norms and values are separate from society's central, dominant value system and may be recognized in the fact that violence is deemed acceptable and necessary
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What is an urban crime?
Murder tends to be an (urban/suburban/rural) crime
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What is self-nomination?
This is the process by which offenders respond to the question regarding whether they are in fact involved with a gang
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What are traditional, neotraditional, compressed, collective, and specialty?
These are the five broad types of gangs
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What is through family and friends?
According to Wright and Rossi's study, this is the most common method for offender's to access firearms
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What is the violentization process?
This process refers to how abused children become more violent adults
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What is African-American?
Approximately one-half of all murder victims are of this racial identity
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What are black, red, and blue?
These are three of the most common colors noted in Chicago gangs
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What are suppression, social intervention, organizational change and development, community organization, and opportunities provision?
These are the five types of intervention to counteract the gang problem
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What is a straw purchaser?
This is the proper term for an individual with no criminal record purchasing a gun for someone else who is not legally eligible to buy a firearm
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What are instrumental violence and expressive violence?
These are the two general categories of interpersonal violence
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What is below age 25?
Approximately one-half of all offenders convicted of murder fall into this age category
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What are crimes committed and self-nomination?
These are the two most important determinants of gang affiliation
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What is Chicago? (baseline estimate by CPD- 2012 - 70K members and over 600 factions)
This is the gang capital of the United States
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What are rural areas and small towns?
Rates of gun ownership are highest in these geographic locations
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What is disputatiousness?
This term refers to behavior deemed appropriate within culturally defined conflict situations in which an individual who has been offended by a negative outcome in a dispute seeks reparations thru violent means
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