| Meiosis, Ch 10 | Photosynthesis, Ch 8 | Cellular Respiration, Ch 7 | Mendelian Genetics, Ch 11 |
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To create haploid cells called gametes, for example, eggs and sperm.
What is the purpose of meiosis?
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6CO2 + 12H2O + LIGHT ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2 +6H2O
What is the photosynthesis equation?
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Aerobic respiration: uses oxygen
Anaerobic respiration: does not use oxygen -Fermentation: a type or anaerobic respiration. the partial breakdown of sugars. Occurs in the making of beer, bread, (Alcohol fermentation) also occures in your muscles (lactic acid fermentation). Aerobic is the most efficient, and the type that we use.
What are the types of respiration?
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P: Parental generation, original traits being crossed
F1: The First generation of offspring F2: The second generation, by crossing the F1s together
Define the P generation, the F1 generation, and F2 generation
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D) Mutation
Asexual reproduction (mitosis) results in identical offspring unless which of the following occurs?
A) Natural selection B) Cloning C) Crossing over D) Mutation E) Environmental change |
Photophosphorylation is the process of converting ATP to ADP by taking away a phosphate group to be used for energy in the Calvin cycle.
ADP= Adenine DiPhosphate (Di meaning 2) ATP= Adenine TriPhosphate (Tri meaning 3)
What is the process of Photophosphorylation?
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Results from the pumping of H+ ions out of and into the inner mitochondrial membrane to drive the making of ATP during oxydative phosphorylation
What is chemiosmosis?
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This determines the probability of two INDEPENDENT events occurring together.
What is the multiplication rule of monohybrid crosses?
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The microtubules attach to the centromeres in Prophase. In Anaphase, they assist in the pulling apart of chromosomes from the Metaphase plate, as the cells pull apart.
What are the roles of microtubules in meiosis?
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Rubisco is an enzyme. It catalyzes the the first step of the Calvin Cycle. It is present in every photosynthetic organism, and is responsible for carbon fixation- wthout it we would not be here.
Why is Rubisco so important? What role does it have in Photosynthesis? Why is it the most abundant enzyme on the planet?
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Acetyl CoA from pyruvate oxidation comes in. ATP is generated
What goes into the citric acid cycle? What comes out?
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This determines the probability of two MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE events occurring. This means that one or the other would happen.
What is the addition rule of monohybrid crosses?
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Mitosis produces identical daughter cells. Meiosis produces cells wth half the chromosome number. Mitosis happens in somatic cells, while Meiosis only happens in germ cells (gametes) for sexual reproduction purposes
What is the difference between meiosis and mitosis?
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Oxygenic Photosynthesis is the Photosynthesis we are used to and occurs in cyanobacteria, algae, and plants.
Anoxygenic Photosynthesis is used by purple bacteria, green sulfur and nonsulfur bacteria, the heliobacteria and the acidobacteria --- does not produce oxygen!!!!?
What is the difference between Anoxygenic and Oxygenic Photosynthesis?
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There will be no chemiosmosis, or pumping of H+ ions out of the membrane and then back into to generate ATP. ATP would not be generated.
If the membrane of a cell’s mitochondria are damaged such that hydrogen ions can freely flow across them, what would be a possible outcome of this?
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The phenotypic ratio is 9:3:3:1 in independently assorting traits
What is the dihybrid cross ratio?
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Meiosis I and Meiosis II, each containing Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase and Cytokenisis
How many stages of meiosis are there?
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Photosystem II comes first, and absorbs light best at the wavelengths of 680nm. The ATP generated in Photosystem II drives the reactions in Photosystem I which comes after it. Photosystem I best absorbs light at the wavelength of 700nm.
Working together they produce NADPH which will help drive the Calvin Cycle.
What are the differences between Photosystem I and Photosystem II?
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Pyruvate Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, Oxidative Phosphorylation, electron transport and chemiosmosis
What parts of cellular respiration occur in the mitochondrial inner membrane?
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(1/2) * (1/2) * (1/2) * (1/2) = (1/16)
What is the probability of getting YYRr from parents YyRr and YyRr
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