Intro to genetics | RNA | Transcription | Translation | Replication |
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What is deoxyribonucleic acid?
What does DNA stand for
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What is ribose
the sugar found in the RNA backbone
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What is the nucleus
In animal cells, transcription occurs here
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What is the cytoplasm/ribosome
In the animal cell, where translation occurs
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What is helicase
The enzyme that is responsible for unzipping the DNA strand
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What is thymine
The nucleotide that adenine binds with
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what is transfer RNA
a type of RNA that attaches amino acids to the peptide strand after reading a codon
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What is mRNA (the transcript)
Transcription is the process of producing this from creating compliments to the DNA strand
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What is a ribosome/rough ER
Translation occurs at this organelle
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What is DNA polymerase
The protein that is responsible for creating compliments for each of the DNA strands
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What is a double helix
The structure of DNA is described as this structure
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What is messenger RNA
a type of RNA that is produced after DNA is transcribed
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What is the template strand
mRNA is produced by making a compliment of this strand
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What is the anticodon
The compliment to the three bases presented on the mRNA strand
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What are okazaki fragments
The fragments that are added to the lagging strand of DNA
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What is uracil
The nucleotide that is substituted for thymine in RNA
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What is ribosomal RNA
a type of RNA that makes up the machinery that produces proteins in the cell
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What is a poly-a tail
The type of tail that is added to an mRNA stand before is can exit the nucleus
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What are amino acids
The single units that are added to a chain to produce a protein
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What is ligase
The final enzyme involved in replication; the glue
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What are three hydrogen bonds?
The number of hydrogen bonds between C and G
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What is RNA polymerase
The protein that synthesizes mRNA
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What is a promoter sequence
A sequence of DNA that signals RNA polymerase to bin
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A start codon
The reading frame is important and is established by what?
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What are binding proteins
Specialized proteins that prevent the separated DNA strands from coming back together
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