is a point mutation in which a single nucleotide change results in a codon that codes for a different amino acid.

describes how allele frequencies
fluctuate unpredictably from one generation to
the next.

is the only mechanism that
consistently causes adaptive evolution.

structures in different species inherited from a common ancestor. Similar structure DIFFERENT function

are changes in the nucleotides sequences of dna

the genetic information of a population of interbreeding organisms.

favors individuals at one
end of the phenotypic range

Structure that is inherited from ancestors but has lost much or all of its original functio

is a change in one base in a gene

states that allele frequencies
tend to remain constant in populations unless something
happens OTHER THAN Mendelian segregation and
sexual recombination

favors individuals at both
extremes of the phenotypic range

body parts that share a common function but not structure

is the addition of one or more nucleotide base pairs into a DNA sequence.

A process typically caused by the genetic isolation from a main population resulting in a new genetically distinct species.

favors intermediate
variants and acts against extreme phenotypes

human appendix , wisdom teeth, ear muscles

is a genetic mutation caused by a deletion or insertion in a DNA sequence that shifts the way the sequence is read

involves evolutionary changes below
the species level; changes in allele frequencies in a
population over generations.

Natural selection is NOT the only mechanism
responsible for evolution

Bee vs Bird wing