ABR and OAEs are examples of what type of test of auditory function

This disorder should be suspected if a patient presents with normal OAEs and a SNHL on the audiogram.

This auditory response is evoked by the presentation of a series of brief clicks that have a broadband frequency spectrum and therefore stimulate a wide portion of the basilar membrane. The emissions are recorded during the short silent intervals between the successive clicks and occur with a characteristic time delay after each click. They are dependent on the stimulus used to stimulate the cochlea (100-4000 Hz) and can only be measured from 1000-4000 Hz due to time delays with the stimulus and recording.

the cochlea which is a nonlinear system generates additional tones, referred to as this, that were not present in the externally applied stimulus

This test is one of a series of auditory evoked responses that can be measured from the neural pathways of the auditory system using small electrodes placed on the surface of the head

These are low-intensity acoustic vibrations measured in the ear canal with a probe mic that measures electroacoustic echoes within the ear canal that are emitted as part of the normal physiological activity of the cochlea and are thought to be primarily related to OHC activity

This test can tell you if the OHCs are functioning normally or not

This common treatment option for chronic otitis media may result in normal OAEs

This is typically between 5-15 ms which related to the frequencies of the response and peaks at the beginning part of the waveform where there are shorter periods (higher frequency) than those at the later parts of the waveform (lower frequency)

When two tones ( f1 and f2, where f1 is lower in frequency than f2) are simultaneously presented to a human ear, the most prominent distortion product occurs at a frequency that is equal to 2f1 - f2.

The externally presented tones are called the primary tones and the 2f1-f2 is the distortion product tone that is generated in the cochlea.

This wave of the ABR is a reflection of the synchronous discharge of neurons in the distal portion of the auditory portion of the 8th cranial nerve as it is leaving the cochlea

This structure is said to be the primary origin of OAEs in a normally functioning cochlea, predominantly because of the movement of this structure that enhances the vibration on the basilar membrane.

This is random background or physiologic noise that is present when recording auditory evoked potentials.

TEOAEs will be absent if hearing loss is greater than this many dB HL. TEOAEs are expected to be present in 99% of ears when all pure tone thresholds are better than 20 dB HL, always absent when all pure tone thresholds are greater than 40 dB HL, and may or may not be present with pure tone thresholds between 25-35 dB HL.

This test measures the amplitude of the 2f1-f2 tone that the cochlea generates when stimulated with the primary tones (f1 and f2). However, it is the place along the basilar membrane where the two primary tones are interacting that must be functioning normally to generate the response.

This wave of the ABR remains the most visible even as the intensity of the stimulus is decreased.

This is the process used to reduce unwanted background noise during evoked physiological response testing.

This is a simple subtraction of the emission (A+B) from the noise floor (A-B) yields a ratio

On a surface level, TEOAE's effectively separate those with normal function from those who need further follow-up evaluations by indicating cochlear function no worse than 35 dB and no presence of which possible conditions?

On a surface level, the presence of robust DPOAEs shows evidence of the proper function of this.

ABR results of a patient with this pathology may show abnormal interpeak latency intervals 1-3, and or 1-5 that are delayed more than two standard deviations (about 0.4 ms) from the normal interpeak latency intervals

A difference in wave 5 latency between the two ears (IA latency difference) that is more than two standard deviations from the normal interaural latencies

No discernible waves even though there is sufficient hearing to expect normal wave latencies

This condition, in addition to OHC dysfunction or damage, may cause the elimination of an OAE response due to the fact that the signal has to go through the outer/middle ear and then back out to be able to record it.

an analysis to calculate and display the spectrum of the TEOAE response as well as the noise that is present in the recording

This percentage of babies screened with TEOAEs are likely to fail their screening due to transient outer/middle ear conditions.

JCIH recommended the use of ABR over OAEs in the NICU and DPOAEs are not recommended for NBHS as patients with this condition may fail to be identified with a hearing loss at birth.

This method of ABR testing determines the lowest level that a repeatable wave 5 response can be obtained and is helpful in revealing the type of HL. It only represents the neural function reflecting cochlear output and neural conduction along the lower brainstem pathway, and is not a measure of conscious hearing, but is more looking at the central nervous system involvement