Blood Products | IV Fluids and Electrolytes | Arrhythmias | Sepsis / SIRS | Miscellaneous |
---|---|---|---|---|
What species does not have any blood groups?
Ferrets
|
What is the bolus dose of Hetstarch
4-5 mL/kg
|
What are the criteria for treating ventricular arrhythmias!
1. Clinical Signs
2. Polymorphic 3. R on T 4. Rate >180bpm |
What are the criteria for SIRS in dogs?
Temp: >102.6 or <100.6
HR: >120 R: >20 WBC x 10^3 <6 or >16 or Bands>3% **Must be in a patient with an underlying disease process that predisposes to SIRS*** |
What is the dosage of Ca Gluconate?
0.5 - 1.5 mL/kg of 10% diluted 1:1 given slowly
**Note: different formulations of Ca have different dosage ranges*** |
How much packed RBCs do you need to give a 5kg cat to raise its PCV 10%? (Bonus: What is your goal PCV typically?
Equation: 1mL/kg raises 1%
50mL Bonus: 20-25% |
What is Kmax?
0.5 mEq/kg/hr
|
What are 2 contraindications for the use of a beta blocker
1. Poor contractility
2. Hypotension |
What are the indications for dobutamine in a septic patient?
Hypotensive with poor cardiac contractility
|
When do you stop cooling a hyperthermic patient?
103.0 (risk of hypothermia with continued cooling)
|
What abnormality do you commonly find on a coagulation panel in patients with Von Willebrand's disease and why?
Prolonged PTT
Reason: Factor 8 circulates as a complex with vWF |
What is the buffer in Plasmalyte
Bonus: where are they metabolized
Acetate and Gluconate
Bonus: Muscle |
What drug and dosage do you use for atrial fibrillation in the hospital setting?
Diltiazem 0.05 mg/kg IV over 1-2 minutes
|
What are the risks of using high doses of vasopressors?
Decreased GI and renal perfusion
|
What are clinical signs of serotonin syndrome?
BONUS: What drugs can be used to inhibit the Serotonin?
Tachycardia, hypertension, tremors, excitement
SLUD signs BONUS: Cyproheptadine or Chlorpromazine |
What are effective blood products in patients with Vit K Antagonism?
1. Cryopoor
2. Fresh Frozen Plasma 3. Whole Blood +/- packed RBCs if severe anemia or active hemorrhage |
When is LRS contraindicated?
Severe Liver Dysfunction
|
Name the 4 classes of anti-arrhythmics and 1 drug in each category
1. Na Channel Blockers (1a, 1b, 1c) - Lidocaine
2. Beta Blockers - Esmolol 3. K+ Channel Blockers - Amiodarone 4. Ca Channel Blockers - Diltiazem |
What are the 3 indications for mechanical ventilation
BONUS: What findings on your blood gas would make you concerned for respiratory fatigue
1. Severe Hypoxemia (<60mmHg) despite oxygen supplementation
2. Hypoventilation (>60mmHg) despite therapy 3. Concern for respiratory fatigue or arrest BONUS: Severe hypoxemia with hypoventilation |
What drug is not reliable on an OTC drug kit?
THC / Marijuana
|
What clotting factor is not active within the body?
Factor 12
This is a common deficiency in cats |
What are laboratory findings consistent wiht SIADH
Hyponatremia
Hypo-osmolality Increased urine Na |
What is the maximum dose of Lidocaine in dogs? Cats?
DOGS
Per dose: 2mg/kg Total: 8 mg/kg CATS: Per Dose: 0.25 - 1mg/kg Max: 4mg/kg |
Differential diagnosis for elevated D-Dimers
1. DIC
2. Surgery / Trauma 3. Neoplasia 4. Pro-Inflammatory State |
If your glucose is >1000, what other concurrent disease process must you have?
Azotemia
HHS: Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemia State |