Macromolecules | Enzymes | Digestive Anatomy | Digestive Flow | Absorption |
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What is a polymer?
Many units bonded together
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What is an enzyme?
A biological catalyst
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What is the mouth?
The digestive organ that takes in food
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What is mechanical digestion?
Digestion requiring work or conscious movement
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What is active transport?
The method of transport by which proteins and carbohydrates are absorbed into the cells of the small intestine.
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What are saturated fatty acids?
The absence of double bonds in a fatty acid chain
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What are proteins?
The category of macromolecules to which enzymes belong.
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What is the large intestine?
The digestive organ that absorbs water and salt
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What is the liver, or gall bladder?
The organ that adds bile to the small intestine
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What is the small intestine?
Responsible for the absorption of most all nutrients that flow through the digestive tract
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What is hydrolysis?
The addition of water to break apart macromolecules
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What is a substrate?
The molecule that enzymes act on
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What is the stomach?
The digestive organ that adds acid, enzymes, mixes and breaks food into liquid.
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What is chyme?
Gastric juices combined with partially digested food
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What is simple diffusion?
The method of transport by which lipids are absorbed into the cells of the small intestine.
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What is homeostasis?
The tendency toward equilibrium within the body
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What is denature?
The loss of the natural state, altering function
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What are villi?
Finger-like projections that increase the surface area of the intestinal tract.
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What is peristalsis?
Wave like muscular contractions that moves food through the digestive tract
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What is hydrolysis?
The reaction that breaks macromolecules into smaller subunits so they can pass from the digestive tract into the circulatory system.
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What is the iodine test for starch?
A color change from brown to black in the presence of starch
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What is a pH of 2?
Above or below this pH, the enzyme pepsin will denature
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What is the small intestine?
The digestive organ responsible for the most nutrient absorption.
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What is pepsinogen?
The inactive form of the enzyme pepsin
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What are aspirin and alcohol?
Substances absorbed through the stomach lining
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