length of the neck, angle of shoulder & hip (should be at 45*), length of croup (long), length of back & loin (short)

appropriate top-line to bottom-line ratio, large eye, trim & refined throatlatch, large nostrils, well-defined throatlatch

inflamed condition of poll regions caused by bruising

depression in muscle of shoulder, lack of innervation or muscle tone, from trauma

hocks are too close together

Relative height of -------- and peak of --------, need to be level

injury or imperfection, does not affect serviceability

concave neck, upside down appearance

inflammation around the withers

hocks are too far apart

balance, muscling, structural correctness, way of going, quality (breed and sex char.)

injury or abnormality, affects serviceability

tail carried to the side

abnormal bony growth, can occur inside or outside

50-55 degrees

carpus-large, square, flat
cannons-out of center of knee, short, large in diameter, same circumference at top and bottom

why difficult to determine

barrel slopes up sharply behind girth, like a greyhound

knees protrude too far forward

angle of pastern is...

small head, dished face, naturally high tail carriage, arched neck, small muzzle, horizontal croup

small eye proportion to the head

no definition or spring to the ribs

knees break backward

can be caused by trauma, management, or conformation