Common Childhood Communicable Diseases Terms Transmission and Precautions Worldwide Immunization Programs Potpourri
100
What is chickenpox?
This common childhood disease is caused by the varicella-zoster virus.
100
What are pathogens?
These are organisms that cause disease.
100
What is acquired immunity?
This type of immunity is gained as a result of having the disease or by receiving vaccines or immune serums.
100
What is a vaccine?
This is a suspension of weakened or inactivated organisms that stimulate immune bodies to form.
100
What is hand hygiene?
This is the single most important way to prevent the transmission of communicable diseases.
200
What is lyme disease?
This disease is spread by infected ticks, S&S include a macule with raised border and clear center.
200
What is the incubation period?
This is the time between the invasion by the pathogen and the onset of clinical symptoms.
200
What is the chain of infection?
This is the process by which pathogens are transmitted from the environment to a host, invade the host, and cause infection.
200
What is an immune globulin?
This is a solution containing antibodies extracted from human or animal blood and provides passive immunity.
200
What is a pustule?
This is the term for a circular reddened area on the skin that contains pus.
300
What is polio (infantile paralysis; poliomyelitis)?
This disease, caused by enterovirus, has symptoms including fever, stiff neck, stiff back, and paralysis.
300
What is a portal of entry?
This is a route by which the organisms enter the body (e.g. a cut in the skin).
300
What is an opportunistic infection?
This type of infection is caused by organisms normally found in the environment that the immune suppressed individual cannot resist or fight.
300
What is the thigh (vastus lateralis)?
This is the site for IM injections in infants.
300
What is smallpox?
Although no longer considered a threat, the nurse must remain alert to S&S of this communicable disease.
400
What is mumps (parotitis)?
Symptoms of this disease are fever, headache, painful swelling in glands near ear and jawline, and enlarged parotid gland.
400
What is a pandemic?
This refers to a worldwide high incidence of a communicable disease.
400
What is contact precautions?
This type of precaution is used when organisms can be transmitted via skin-to-skin contact and include gloves and a cover gown.
400
What is intramuscular?
The TDaP vaccine should be administered via this route.
400
What is the prodromal period?
This refers to the initial stage of a disease, between the earliest symptoms and the appearance of a typical rash or fever.
500
What is scarlet fever?
This disease is caused by group A strep.
500
What is a fomite?
This is any inanimate material that absorbs and transmits infection.
500
What is airborne infection isolation precautions?
This type of precaution includes the use of negative-pressure rooms and N95 particulate respirator masks.
500
What are varicella (Varivax) and live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV)?
These two vaccines must be stored at or below 5 degrees F and used within 30 minutes of reconstitution.
500
What are phagocytes?
These are the component in the blood that attack and destroy organisms.






Communicable Diseases

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