Etiology and Pathophysiology | Impact on Geriatric Population | Impact on Healthcare System | Management | Future Management |
---|---|---|---|---|
Diabetes → Diabetic nephropathy
What is the most common cause of CKD in the United States?
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No → higher risk of hypoglycemia
Should older patients with CKD and DM maintain tight glycemic control?
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30 days
A patient must be admitted within how long of the index hospital admission to be considered a readmission?
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Diabetes and Hypertension
What are the top two comorbidity risk factors for CKD?
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Type II Diabetes, duh
What does T2DM stand for?
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Asymptomatic
Most common presentation of early CKD?
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4x more likely
What is the likelihood that a person who is African American will develop CKD compared to a person who is Caucasian?
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25%
Nearly what percentage of the Medicare budget is spent on patients with CKD/ESRD?
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When they reach CKD stage 4: GFR 15-29
When should a patient be referred to a nephrologist?
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Two to three times per week
How many times per week do dialysis patients typically have to be dialyzed?
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Autoimmune, chronic conditions, systemic insult or metabolic derangement
Name 1 of the 3 listed underlying processes which lead to kidney damage and CKD.
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Underlying cardiovascular disease
Most common cause of death in patients with stage 3 CKD?
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Lack of nephrologist availability
What is one way that a lack of healthcare services contributes to high readmission rates among CKD patients?
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Dietitian, case manager, PCP, nephrologist, cardiologist
Who is involved in the disciplinary team for patients with CKD?
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Farxiga
What is the FDA-approved SGLT-2 inhibitor that is organ protective in the management of CKD?
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Renal fibrosis
What underlying mechanism (or injury pattern) characterizes the pathophysiology of CKD?
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Diabetes, advanced age, low serum albumin, lower SES, inadequate dialysis
Name two predictors of mortality for CKD.
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Timely follow-up visits with a nephrologist
Name a factor that has been shown to decrease readmission rates.
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Transportation to dialysis and medication management
What are some burdens on caregivers?
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Blood sugar control
What was Farxiga formerly used for? (SGLT-2 inhibitor)
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