Market structure | Monopoly and oligopoly | Government regulation | Monopolistic competition | Firms |
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A condition for perfect competition
When many buyers and sellers participate in the market it is an example of what?
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Barriers to entry
In an oligopoly these tend to be high
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Government monopoly
A monopoly regulated by the government.
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Monopolistic competition
When many companies compete in an open market it is referred to as what?
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A license
This grants a firm the right to operate a business.
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Start-up costs
When these are high in a market, entrepreneurs tend to avoid the market.
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Natural monopoly
In this case, the government allows just one firm in each geographic area to provide necessary service.
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Collusion
An agreement among members of an oligopoly to set prices and production levels.
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Differentiation
Enables a monopolistic competitive seller to profit from the differences between his or her products and competitors' products.
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A commodity
A product that is identical regardless of who makes it, such as low-grade gasoline, notebook paper, and milk.
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Mergers
The Sherman Anti-trust act limited these types of company strategies.
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70 to 80%
An industry is called and oligopoly when the four largest firms are producing how much of the output?
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Targeted discount
Discounted airline fares are an example of which type of discount?
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Non-price competition
An alternative to competing on price and using other ways to lower prices.
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Economies of scale
When a firms start-up costs are high and average costs fall for every additional unit it produces.
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Price and production
A cartel is when formal organizations agree to coordinate what?
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Cellular phones
Telephone service was a natural monopoly until the invention of these devices.
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Price fixing
This would be an outcome of collusion.
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A franchise
A National Park Service choosing a single firm to sell food and other goods to is an example of.
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A price war
This is when there are disagreements among members of a firm, competitors cut their prices very low and is harmful for producers.
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Market power
Without this ability a market may find it difficult to change outputs like a monopolist.
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Monopoly
This popular board game names itself after popular market.
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Deregulated
Airlines, trucking, banking, railroad, natural gas, and T.V broadcasting were this in the late 1970's and early 1980's.
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A patent
This gives a company exclusive rights to sell a new good or service for a specific period of time.
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Antitrust laws
Government policies, similar to cartels, that keep firms from controlling the price and supply of important goods.
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