Schedules of Reinforcement | Four Intermittent Schedules | Other Simple Schedules of Reinforcement | Complex Schedules of Reinforcement | Theories of Reinforcement |
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What is a schedule of reinforcement?
The response requirement that must be met to obtain reinforcement
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What is a fixed ratio schedule.
Reinforcement is contingent upon a fixed, predictable number of responses.
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What is a duration schedule?
A type of simple schedule in which reinforcement is contingent on performing a behavior continuously throughout a period of time.
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What is a complex schedule?
A type of schedule that consists of two or more simple schedules.
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What is the drive reduction theory?
A theory in which an event is reinforcing to the extent that is associated with a reduction in some type of physiological drive.
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What is a continuous reinforcement schedule?
A schedule in which each specified response the animal makes is reinforced.
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What is a variable ratio schedule.
Reinforcement is varying and unpredictable.
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What is a response rate schedule?
A type of simple schedule in which reinforcement is directly contingent upon the organism's rate of response.
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What is a conjunctive schedule?
A type of complex schedule in which the requirements of two or more simple schedules must be met before a reinforcer is delivered.
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What is the Premack principle?
A principle that states that a high-probability behavior can be used to reinforce a low-probability behavior.
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What is an intermittent reinforcement schedule?
A schedule in which only some responses are reinforced.
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What is a fixed interval schedule?
Reinforcement is contingent upon a first response after a fixed, predictable amount of time.
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What is a fixed duration schedule?
A type of duration schedule in which the behavior must be performed continuously for a fixed, predictable amount of time.
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What is an adjusting schedule?
A type of schedule in which the response requirement changes as a function of the organism's performance while responding for the previous reinforcer.
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What is a response deprivation hypothesis?
A hypothesis that states that a behavior can serve as a reinforcer when a) access to the behavior is restricted and b) its frequency thereby falls below its preferred level of occurrence.
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What is a steady state behavior?
The stable pattern that emerges once the organism has had sufficient exposure to the schedule.
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What is a variable interval schedule?
Reinforcement is contingent upon the first response after a varying, unpredictable amount of time.
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What is a variable duration schedule?
A type of duration schedule in which the behavior must be performed continuously for a varying, unpredictable amount of time.
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What is a chained schedule?
A type of schedule that consists of a sequence of two or more simple schedules, each of which has its own Sd and the last of which results in a terminal reinforcer.
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What is a behavioral bliss point approach?
An approach that states a organism with free access to alternative activities will distribute its behavior in such a way as to maximize overall reinforcement.
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What is a schedule effect?
The different response requirements that have dramatically different effects on behavior.
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What is a ratio strain?
A disruption in responding due to an overly demanding response requirement
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What is differential reinforcement of high rates?
A type of response rate schedule in which reinforcement is contingent upon emitting at least a certain number of responses in a certain amount of time. (hint: reinforcement is given when organism responds at a fast rate)
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What is a goal gradient effect?
A type of effect in which an increase in the strenght and/or efficiency of responding as one draws near to the goal.
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What is incentive motivation?
A type of motivation that is derived from some property of the reinforcer, as opposed to an internal drive state.
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