Definitions I | Definitions II | Reinforcement and Punishment Examples |
---|---|---|
What is Learning?
A relatively permanent change in behavior that is brought about by experience.
|
What is reinforcement?
Process by which a stimulus increases the probability that a preceding behavior will be repeated.
|
Positive Reinforcement
Rewarding a child with a PS3 game for having good grades.
|
What is Habituation?
Decrease in response to a stimulus that occurs after repeated presentations of the same stimulus.
|
What is reinforcer?
Any stimulus that increases the probability that a preceding behavior will occur again.
|
Negative Punishment
Restricting teenager's access to car due to breaking curfew.
|
What is Classical conditioning?
A type of learning in which a neutral stimulus comes to elicit a response after being paired with a stimulus that naturally brings about that response.
|
What is punishment?
Refers to a stimulus that decreases the probability that a prior behavior will occur again.
|
Negative Reinforcement
Washing your car frequently will impress people.
|
What is Operant conditioning?
A type of learning in which a voluntary response is strengthened or weakened, depending on its favorable or unfavorable consequences.
|
What is shaping?
The process of teaching a complex behavior by rewarding closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior.
|
Positive Punishment
Yelling at a child for being loud at night.
|
What is Extinction?
A basic phenomenon of learning that occurs when a previously conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears.
|
What is behavior modification?
A formalized technique for promoting the frequency of desirable behaviors and decreasing the incidence of unwanted ones.
|
Negative Reinforcement
Cleaning out food bits on the sink leads to decrease in number of ants.
|