| Bowel Elimination | Key Terms | Common Problems | Enemas | Miscellaneous |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
How often do people have a bowel movement (BM)?
everyday or 2-3 days
|
What is a surgically created opening between the colon and the body's surface?
colostomy
|
What are atleast three common causes of constipation?
- low fiber diet
- ignoring urge - decreased fluid intake - inactivity - drugs - aging - certain diseases |
Why do doctors order enemas?
- remove feces
- relieve constipation, fecal impaction, and flatulence - clean the bowel of feces before certain surgeries and diagnostic procedures |
What is a surgically created opening between the llleum and the body's surface?
ileostomy
|
|
Describe what normal stools look like.
soft, formed, moist, and shaped like a rectum.
|
What is the passage of a hard, dry stool?
constipation
|
What is a laxative?
a drug that promotes a bowel movement
|
How many types of enemas are there?
there are 5 types.
tap water enema, saline enema, soapsuds enema, cleansing enema, and small-volume enema. |
What are some causes of flatulence?
- swallowing air when eating/drinking
- bacterial action in intestines - gas forming foods - bowel and abdominal surgeries - drugs that decrease peristalsis |
|
What causes odors in stools?
bacteria i intestines and certain foods and drugs.
|
What is the gas or air passed through the anus?
flatus
|
During fecal impaction, what are the stools like?
hard, and putty-like
|
Before giving an enema, what should you have the person do before hand?
have the person void
|
What are observations should you report and record when giving enemas?
- amount of solution given
- bleeding of resistance when inserting tube - how long person retained enema - color, amount, consistency, pain, and discomfort - complaints of cramping, pain, discomfort - complaints of nausea or weakness - how person tolerated the procedure |
|
What two things do feces contain?
microbes and sometimes blood
|
What is the introduction of fluid into the rectum and lower colon?
enema
|
What are some causes of diarrhea?
- infection
- some drugs - irritating foods - microbes in food and water |
When giving a small-volume enema, how much solution should you give adults and children?
adults - 120mL
children - 60mL |
What is a surgically created opening that connects an internal organ to the body's surface?
ostomy
|
|
What colors of stool mean there is a disease or infection?
clay/white, pale, orange, or green
|
What is the cone-shaped, solid drug that is inserted into a body opening?
suppository
|
What are some causes of flatulence?
- swallowing air when eating/drinking
- bacterial action in intestines - gas forming foods - constipation - bowel & abdominal surgeries - drugs that decrease peristalsis |
What should you do to prevent cramping?
- use the correct temperature (cold water causes cramping)
- give solution slowly |
What is a surgically created opening seen on the body's surface?
stoma
|
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